National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU.
Exerc Immunol Rev. 2021;27:54-66.
Despite evidence that monocyte migration is accentuated by central adiposity, the impact of physical activity (PA) and exercise, particularly in the post-prandial state, on limiting migration are not established. We hypothesised that PA and a single bout of walking exercise would be associated with reduced ex vivo monocyte tethering and migration in middleaged males with central obesity (CO). Objective levels of PA were measured for 7 days in lean males (LE, N=12, mean (SD) age 39 (10) years, waist circumference 81.0 (6.3) cm) and males with CO (N=12, mean (SD) age 40 (9) years, waist circumference 115.3 (13.9) cm), followed by donation of a fasted blood sample. On the same day, CO undertook a bout of walking exercise, before donation of a second fasted blood sample. An ex vivo assay, coupled to flow cytometry, determined tethering and migration of classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes. C-C and CXC chemokine receptor (CCR2, CCR5 and CX3CR1) expression were also determined on total and classical monocytes. Monocyte subsets (total, classical, intermediate and CCR2+ monocytes), metabolic (glucose and lipids) and inflammatory (C-reactive protein) markers were greater in CO vs. LE (lower highdensity lipoprotein); however, adjustments for PA mitigated group differences for glucose, lipids, and monocyte subsets. Ex vivo tethering and migration (absolute and relative) of most monocyte subsets was greater in CO vs LE. Relative monocyte tethering and migration was largely not influenced by PA; however, higher PA was associated with reduced absolute migration and tethering of CD16 expressing monocytes in CO. Prior walking had no impact on these variables. These results highlight that regular PA, not single exercise bouts may limit the migration of pro-inflammatory monocytes in CO. These changes may relate to physiological parameters in blood (i.e. number of cells and their adhesion), rather than differences in chemokine receptor expression.
尽管有证据表明单核细胞迁移是由中心性肥胖加重的，但身体活动（PA）和运动，尤其是在餐后状态下，对限制迁移的影响尚不清楚。我们假设 PA 和单次步行运动与减少中年男性中心性肥胖（CO）中单核细胞的黏附和迁移有关。在瘦男性（LE，N=12，平均（SD）年龄 39（10）岁，腰围 81.0（6.3）cm）和男性 CO （N=12，平均（SD）年龄 40（9）岁，腰围 115.3（13.9）cm）中测量了 7 天的实际 PA 水平，随后抽取空腹血样。在同一天，CO 进行了一次步行运动，然后抽取第二次空腹血样。体外分析与流式细胞术相结合，确定了经典、中间和非经典单核细胞的黏附和迁移。还在总单核细胞和经典单核细胞上确定了 C-C 和 CXC 趋化因子受体（CCR2、CCR5 和 CX3CR1）的表达。与 LE 相比，CO 中的单核细胞亚群（总、经典、中间和 CCR2+单核细胞）、代谢（葡萄糖和脂质）和炎症（C 反应蛋白）标志物更多（高密度脂蛋白较低）；然而，PA 的调整减轻了组间葡萄糖、脂质和单核细胞亚群的差异。与 LE 相比，CO 中的大多数单核细胞亚群的体外黏附和迁移（绝对和相对）更高。PA 对相对单核细胞黏附和迁移的影响不大；然而，在 CO 中，较高的 PA 与 CD16 表达单核细胞的绝对迁移和黏附减少有关。之前的步行运动对这些变量没有影响。这些结果表明，经常进行 PA，而不是单次运动，可能会限制 CO 中促炎单核细胞的迁移。这些变化可能与血液中的生理参数（即细胞数量及其黏附）有关，而不是趋化因子受体表达的差异有关。
