School of Science, College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
School of Science, College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
Carbohydr Polym. 2021 Aug 1;265:118029. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118029. Epub 2021 Apr 3.
The challenges related to the persistence of plastics in natural ecosystems fostered strong interest in developing biodegradable bioplastics. Among natural biopolymers, starch gained both academic and industrial interest owing to its impressive physicochemical properties. The use of starch in production of polyurethane (PU) composites not only yields PUs with outstanding mechanical properties but also makes the final PU products biodegradable. The hydrophilic nature of starch limits its dispersion in hydrophobic PU polymers, although it is a significant benefit in creating starch-embedded non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) composites. We present a comprehensive overview to highlight important strategies that are used to improve the compatibility of starch with various PU matrices. This review also gives an overview of the recent advances in the synthesis of starch-NIPU hybrids. Moreover, we aim to deliver critical insight into strategies that boost the biodegradation characteristics of PUs along with a discussion on various methods to assess their biodegradation.
塑料在自然生态系统中持久存在所带来的挑战，促使人们强烈关注开发可生物降解的生物塑料。在天然生物聚合物中，淀粉因其令人印象深刻的物理化学性质而引起了学术界和工业界的兴趣。将淀粉用于生产聚氨酯（PU）复合材料不仅可以得到具有优异机械性能的 PU，而且还可以使最终的 PU 产品具有生物降解性。淀粉的亲水性限制了其在疏水性 PU 聚合物中的分散性，尽管这对于制备淀粉嵌入型非异氰酸酯聚氨酯（NIPU）复合材料是一个显著的优势。我们提供了一个全面的概述，以强调用于提高淀粉与各种 PU 基体相容性的重要策略。本综述还概述了淀粉-NIPU 杂化物合成的最新进展。此外，我们旨在深入探讨提高 PU 生物降解特性的策略，并讨论各种评估其生物降解性的方法。
