Department of Nursing and Podiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Malaga, Arquitecto Francisco Peñalosa 3, Ampliación de Campus de Teatinos, 29071 Malaga, Spain.
Applied Science of Metropolia Univesity, Podiatry Department, 01600 Helsinki, Finland.
Int J Med Sci. 2021 Mar 30;18(11):2269-2275. doi: 10.7150/ijms.56935. eCollection 2021.
The aim of this study was to evaluate and classify the types and incidences of foot deformities in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). A cross-sectional study with convenience sample was obtained of 220 patients with foot pain and RA classification criteria (approved by the American College of Rheumatology and the European League against Rheumatism in 2010). A series of outcomes were assessed to measure the morphological characteristics of the feet. The Foot Posture Index (FPI), the Manchester Scale of Hallux Valgus and the Nijmegen classification of forefoot disorders were assessed. The most common foot posture according to the FPI assessment are the pronated position in the left foot (32.7% of participants) and the neutral position in the right foot (34.1% of participants). The disease progression causes more developed and serious foot deformities. 1.82% of patients present a severe level of Hallux Valgus before 10 years of disease evolution whereas 4.09% of patients present a severe level of Hallux Valgus after 10 years of disease evolution. The most common foot type in patients with RA is the pronated foot type with deformities in the MTP joints without Hallux Valgus. However, a percentage of patients with RA presents supinated foot type. The evolution of the disease shows some morphological changes in terms of patient's feet. The presence of more developed foot deformities is increased, such us Hallux Valgus or MTP joints deformity (Grade 3 in the Nijmegen classification scale).
本研究旨在评估和分类类风湿关节炎（RA）患者足部畸形的类型和发生率。一项横断面研究采用便利抽样法，共纳入 220 例足部疼痛和符合 RA 分类标准的患者（由美国风湿病学会和欧洲抗风湿病联盟于 2010 年批准）。评估了一系列结局指标来测量足部的形态特征。采用足部姿势指数（FPI）、拇外翻曼彻斯特量表和尼姆斯足部前足疾病分类评估足部姿势。根据 FPI 评估，最常见的足部姿势是左足旋后位（32.7%的参与者）和右足中立位（34.1%的参与者）。疾病进展导致更发达和严重的足部畸形。在疾病进展 10 年内，仅有 1.82%的患者出现严重的拇外翻，而在疾病进展 10 年后，有 4.09%的患者出现严重的拇外翻。RA 患者最常见的足部类型是有 MTP 关节畸形但无拇外翻的旋后足型。然而，有一定比例的 RA 患者表现为足内翻。疾病的演变在患者足部的形态上表现出一些变化。更发达的足部畸形（如拇外翻或 MTP 关节畸形，尼姆斯分类量表 3 级）的发生率增加。
