Crofton K M, Reiter L W
Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711.
Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 May;10(4):624-34. doi: 10.1016/0272-0590(88)90189-3.
Recent data have demonstrated that the in vivo effects of low dosages of two pyrethroids, cismethrin and deltamethrin, can be differentiated. Two behavioral tests, locomotor activity and the acoustic startle response (ASR), were utilized to separate the behavioral actions of Type I and II pyrethroids using permethrin, RU11679, cypermethrin, RU26607, fenvalerate, cyfluthrin, flucythrinate, fluvalinate and p,p'-DDT. Dosage-effect functions for all compounds were determined for both figure-eight-maze activity and the ASR in the rat. All compounds were administered po in 1 ml/kg corn oil 1.5-3 hr prior to testing. All compounds produced dosage-dependent decreases in locomotor activity. The Type I compounds, permethrin and RU11679, along with p,p'-DDT, increased amplitude and had no effect on latency to onset of the ASR. In contrast, the Type II pyrethroids, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, and flucythrinate, decreased amplitude and increased the latency to onset of the ASR. Fenvalerate increased the amplitude, had no effect on latency, but unlike the other compounds tested, increased ASR sensitization. Fluvalinate had no effect on any measure of the ASR. These data provide further evidence of the differences between the in vivo effects of low dosages of Type I and II pyrethroids, and extend the findings of our previous work to other representatives of the two classes of pyrethroids.
最近的数据表明，两种拟除虫菊酯（顺式氯菊酯和溴氰菊酯）低剂量的体内效应可以区分。利用两种行为测试，即自发活动和听觉惊吓反应（ASR），来区分I型和II型拟除虫菊酯的行为作用，使用的化合物有氯菊酯、RU11679、氯氰菊酯、RU26607、氰戊菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氟氰戊菊酯、氟胺氰菊酯和p,p'-滴滴涕。测定了所有化合物在大鼠的八字迷宫活动和ASR中的剂量效应函数。所有化合物均在测试前1.5 - 3小时经口给予1 ml/kg玉米油。所有化合物均产生剂量依赖性的自发活动减少。I型化合物氯菊酯、RU11679以及p,p'-滴滴涕增加了ASR的幅度，且对ASR起始潜伏期无影响。相比之下，II型拟除虫菊酯氯氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯和氟氰戊菊酯降低了幅度并增加了ASR起始潜伏期。氰戊菊酯增加了幅度，对潜伏期无影响，但与其他测试化合物不同的是，增加了ASR敏感性。氟胺氰菊酯对ASR的任何指标均无影响。这些数据进一步证明了低剂量I型和II型拟除虫菊酯体内效应的差异，并将我们之前工作的结果扩展到这两类拟除虫菊酯的其他代表化合物上。
