Cares Samuel R, Younce Johanna A, Mangen Katie H, Winder Jessica R, Fergus Thomas A, Wu Kevin D
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA.
Assessment. 2022 Sep;29(6):1320-1330. doi: 10.1177/10731911211013911. Epub 2021 May 10.
The issue of race within the context of psychological assessment is important, but often overlooked. Many self-report measures of psychopathology have been developed and validated using primarily White samples. Research regarding the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and race has produced mixed results, which in turn may present challenges when comparing scores across racial groups. The current article sought to investigate the measurement invariance of the PSWQ and PSWQ-A (an abbreviated version) across four racial groups (White, Black, Asian, and Hispanic) in a sample of 2,489 undergraduate students. Confirmatory factor analysis of a one-factor structure illustrated poor fit across all racial groups for the full-length PSWQ. Two-factor and one-factor with method effects models of the full-length PSWQ each improved on the previous model fit, although the one-factor method effects model was limited by nonsalient factor loadings. Additionally, a separate confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit for the PSWQ-A. Further analysis of the PSWQ-A suggested measurement invariance across all racial groups, as well as configural, metric, and scalar invariance. These findings advance the literature on the relationship between worry and race, suggesting that direct comparisons on the PSWQ-A between racial groups is appropriate.
心理评估背景下的种族问题很重要，但常常被忽视。许多心理病理学的自我报告测量方法主要是使用白人样本开发和验证的。关于宾夕法尼亚州立大学忧虑问卷（PSWQ）与种族的研究结果不一，这反过来可能在比较不同种族群体的得分时带来挑战。本文旨在对2489名本科生样本中的四个种族群体（白人、黑人、亚裔和西班牙裔）研究PSWQ及其简化版PSWQ - A的测量不变性。对单因素结构的验证性因素分析表明，全长PSWQ在所有种族群体中的拟合度都很差。全长PSWQ的双因素和带有方法效应的单因素模型在先前模型拟合的基础上都有所改进，尽管单因素方法效应模型受到不显著因素负荷的限制。此外，单独的验证性因素分析表明PSWQ - A拟合良好。对PSWQ - A的进一步分析表明，所有种族群体都具有测量不变性，以及构型、度量和标量不变性。这些发现推动了关于忧虑与种族关系的文献发展，表明在不同种族群体之间对PSWQ - A进行直接比较是合适的。
