Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Assessment. 2022 Jul;29(5):909-924. doi: 10.1177/1073191121993223. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
The Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) is a widely used assessment of excessive worry. American undergraduate samples have predominately been used to evaluate its factor structure, which may not generalize to other developmental, cultural, and psychopathology populations. The present study tested the PSWQ's factor structure across three diverse samples: American undergraduate students ( = 3,243), Dutch high school students ( = 3,906), and American adults with psychopathology ( = 384). Exploratory, confirmatory, and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. Measurement invariance and concurrent validity were also tested. Method-factor and two-factor models were largely equivalent and superior to a one-factor model. Invariance tests supported configural and metric invariance but only partial scalar invariance. Positively worded items but not negatively worded items demonstrated concurrent validity with anxiety and depression symptom measures and diagnoses. Overall, the PSWQ appears to measure a unitary construct. Present results warrant further testing of the PSWQ across diverse samples.
宾夕法尼亚州担忧问卷 (PSWQ) 是一种广泛使用的过度担忧评估工具。其因子结构主要是基于美国本科生样本进行评估的，这可能无法推广到其他发展阶段、文化背景和精神病理学人群。本研究通过三个不同的样本（美国本科生样本=3243 人，荷兰高中生样本=3906 人，美国有精神病理学的成年人样本=384 人）检验了 PSWQ 的因子结构。进行了探索性、验证性和多组验证性因子分析。还测试了测量不变性和同时效度。方法因素和两因素模型在很大程度上与单因素模型相当，且更优。不变性检验支持了组态和度量不变性，但仅部分支持了标度不变性。正向措辞的项目而非负向措辞的项目与焦虑和抑郁症状测量和诊断具有同时效度。总体而言，PSWQ 似乎测量的是一个单一的结构。目前的结果证明有必要在不同的样本中进一步检验 PSWQ。
