nstitute of Oral Biology, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
Eur Cell Mater. 2021 May 10;41:502-516. doi: 10.22203/eCM.v041a32.
Genetic conditions, traumatic injuries, carious lesions and periodontal diseases are all responsible for dental pathologies. The current clinical approaches are based on the substitution of damaged dental tissues with inert materials, which, however, do not ensure full physiological recovery of the teeth. Different populations of dental mesenchymal stem cells have been isolated from dental tissues and several attempts have already been made at using these stem cells for the regeneration of human dental tissues. Despite encouraging progresses, dental regenerative therapies are very far from any clinical applications. This is tightly connected with the absence of proper platforms that would model and faithfully mimic human dental tissues in their complexity. Therefore, in the last decades, many efforts have been dedicated for the development of innovative systems capable of emulating human tooth physiology in vitro. This review focuses on the use of in vitro culture systems, such as bioreactors and "organ-on-a-chip" microfluidic devices, for the modelling of human dental tissues and their potential use for dental regeneration and drug testing.
遗传条件、创伤、龋齿和牙周病都是导致牙科疾病的原因。目前的临床方法是用惰性材料替代受损的牙组织，但这并不能确保牙齿的完全生理恢复。已经从牙组织中分离出了不同群体的牙髓间充质干细胞，并且已经尝试使用这些干细胞来再生人类牙组织。尽管取得了令人鼓舞的进展，但牙科再生疗法离临床应用还很远。这与缺乏适当的平台密切相关，这些平台在复杂性方面无法对人类牙组织进行建模和真实模拟。因此，在过去的几十年中，人们致力于开发许多创新系统，以在体外模拟人类牙齿的生理功能。这篇综述重点介绍了体外培养系统（如生物反应器和“器官芯片”微流控装置）在人类牙组织建模中的应用及其在牙科再生和药物测试中的潜在用途。
