Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Avda: Universidad S/N, 10003, Cáceres, Spain.
Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Health School, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Centre for Mechanical and Engineering Materials and Processes, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal.
Physiol Behav. 2021 Aug 1;237:113454. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113454. Epub 2021 May 8.
The aim of the present study was to analyze the heart rate variability (HRV) and the electroencephalographic (EEG) power spectrum in low and high performance chess players during easy and difficult chess endgames. A total of 28 chess players participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants were divided into two groups according to their ELO level (rating system used by the international chess federation): 1) high level chess players (more than 1600 of ELO score); and 2) low level chess players (ELO less than 1599 of ELO score). Chess players had to complete two easy and two difficult endgames while the electroencephalographic activity and heart rate variability were assessed. High level chess players exhibit more alpha EEG power spectrums (p-value>0.05) during difficult than during easy chess endgames in the occipital area (O1 and O2 electrodes). Moreover, high performance players showed a reduced autonomic modulation (p-value>0.05) during the difficult chess endgames which low performance players did not reach. These results could suggest that high level chess players adapt their neurophysiological response to the task demand.
本研究旨在分析低、高水平国际象棋棋手在简单和困难棋局结束时的心率变异性（HRV）和脑电图（EEG）功率谱。共有 28 名国际象棋棋手参与了这项横断面研究。参与者根据他们的 ELO 等级（国际象棋联合会使用的评级系统）分为两组：1）高水平棋手（ELO 评分超过 1600 分）；和 2）低水平棋手（ELO 评分低于 1599 分）。棋手们必须完成两个简单和两个困难的棋局，同时评估脑电图活动和心率变异性。高水平棋手在枕部区域（O1 和 O2 电极）在困难棋局时比在简单棋局时表现出更多的 alpha EEG 功率谱（p 值>0.05）。此外，高水平棋手在困难棋局结束时表现出自主调节减少（p 值>0.05），而低水平棋手则没有达到这一水平。这些结果表明，高水平棋手会根据任务需求调整他们的神经生理反应。
