Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 550 N. University Boulevard, UH 2440, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2021 Jun;48(2):325-337. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2021.02.005.
Large for gestational age birth weight is associated with adverse short- and long-term outcomes. Infants born with large for gestational age birth weight are at increased risk for neonatal intensive care unit admission, respiratory distress, neonatal metabolic abnormalities including hypoglycemia, birth trauma, and even stillbirth or neonatal death. The risk for many of these complications increases with higher birth weights. Individuals with large for gestational age birth weight also appear to be at subsequent increased risk for overweight/obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and even some childhood cancers. These data highlight the need for effective interventions to decrease risk across the lifespan.
巨大儿出生体重与不良的短期和长期结局相关。出生体重巨大儿的新生儿患新生儿重症监护病房入院、呼吸窘迫、新生儿代谢异常（包括低血糖）、分娩创伤，甚至死产或新生儿死亡的风险增加。这些并发症的风险随着出生体重的增加而增加。出生体重巨大儿的个体似乎也有随后超重/肥胖、糖尿病、心血管疾病，甚至某些儿童癌症的风险增加。这些数据突出表明需要有效的干预措施来降低整个生命周期的风险。
