Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Faculty of Economic Sciences, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2021 Jul;19(7):993-1001. doi: 10.1111/ddg.14432. Epub 2021 May 10.
Dermatophyte infections of the skin and nails are common worldwide and vary between geographical areas and over time. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of dermatophytes in Germany with a focus on comparing children with adults.
In this retrospective multicenter study, mycological dermatophyte culture results in the period 01/2014 to 12/2016 were analyzed according to identified pathogen, age and gender of patients, and type of disease.
Of 1,136 infections (children: n = 88, adults: n = 1,048), 50.8 % were clinically classified as onychomycosis, followed by tinea pedis (34.6 %), tinea corporis (16.2 %), tinea manus (16.2 %), tinea capitis (2.5 %), and tinea faciei (1.2 %). The most frequent pathogen was Trichophyton (T.) rubrum (78.6 %), followed by T. interdigitale (14.3 %), T. benhamiae (3.2 %), T. mentagrophytes (2.1 %), and Microsporum canis (1.7 %). The fungal spectrum differed particularly in tinea corporis and tinea capitis between children and adults with a more diverse pathogen spectrum in children. Trichophyton tonsurans was rarely identified as cause for tinea corporis (2.7 %) or tinea capitis (3.3 %).
Differences in pathogens and frequency of fungal infections between age groups should be considered for optimal selection of the appropriate therapeutic regimen.
皮肤和指甲的皮肤癣菌感染在全球范围内很常见，并且在地理位置和时间上有所不同。本研究的目的是确定德国皮肤癣菌的流行病学特征，重点比较儿童和成人。
在这项回顾性多中心研究中，根据鉴定的病原体、患者的年龄和性别以及疾病类型，分析了 2014 年 1 月至 2016 年 12 月期间的真菌性皮肤病培养结果。
在 1136 例感染中（儿童：n=88，成人：n=1048），50.8%的感染临床分类为甲真菌病，其次是足癣（34.6%）、体癣（16.2%）、手癣（16.2%）、头癣（2.5%）和面癣（1.2%）。最常见的病原体是红色毛癣菌（78.6%），其次是须癣毛癣菌（14.3%）、贝氏毛癣菌（3.2%）、絮状表皮癣菌（2.1%）和犬小孢子菌（1.7%）。儿童和成人的体癣和头癣的真菌谱差异特别大，儿童的病原体谱更为多样化。断发毛癣菌很少被确定为体癣（2.7%）或头癣（3.3%）的病原体。
在选择合适的治疗方案时，应考虑年龄组之间病原体和真菌感染频率的差异。
