Family Health Institute, Breastfeeding Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19395-4763, Tehran, Iran.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Oct;60(7):4083-4091. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02574-4. Epub 2021 May 11.
The aim of this study was to examine, for the first time, the neurodevelopmental outcomes in children whose mothers received different doses of iodine supplements during lactation.
We conducted a follow-up study on children whose mothers participated in a randomized clinical trial to receive placebo, 150 µg/day or 300 µg/day of iodine until 12 months postpartum. Child neurocognitive development was assessed at 36 months of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Third Edition. Linear mixed-model analysis was preformed to assess iodine supplement dose effects on child cognitive, language, and motor functions.
A total of 122 children provided neurodevelopmental data as follows: 300 µg/d iodine group: 45; 150 µg/d iodine group: 35; and placebo group: 42. Cognitive scores were higher in children whose mothers received 150 µg iodine/d compared to children whose mothers received placebo [102.8 (SD 13.2) vs. 99.2 (SD 10.5); β = 4.43, P = 0.032]. However, supplementation with 150 µg iodine/d had no effect on language or motor development. No significant differences were observed in cognitive, language, or motor functions between children whose mothers received 300 µg iodine/d and those whose mothers received 150 µg iodine/d or placebo.
Maternal iodine supplementation with 150 µg/d during lactation may have a beneficial effect on child cognitive development; however, we found no evidence of either improved or delayed neurodevelopmental outcomes in children whose mothers received iodine supplements at doses higher than recommended. Further randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these results.
IRCT201303164794N8; registration date: 2013-05-20.
本研究旨在首次探讨哺乳期母亲接受不同剂量碘补充剂对儿童神经发育结局的影响。
我们对参加一项随机临床试验的儿童进行了随访研究，这些母亲在产后 12 个月内接受安慰剂、150μg/天或 300μg/天的碘补充剂。在 36 个月时使用贝利婴幼儿发展量表第三版评估儿童神经认知发育。采用线性混合模型分析评估碘补充剂量对儿童认知、语言和运动功能的影响。
共有 122 名儿童提供了神经发育数据，如下所示：150μg/d 碘组：45 名；300μg/d 碘组：35 名；安慰剂组：42 名。与接受安慰剂的儿童相比，接受 150μg 碘/天的母亲的儿童认知评分更高[102.8（SD 13.2）比 99.2（SD 10.5）；β=4.43，P=0.032]。然而，补充 150μg 碘/天对语言或运动发育没有影响。接受 300μg 碘/天和接受 150μg 碘/天或安慰剂的母亲的儿童在认知、语言或运动功能方面没有显著差异。
哺乳期母亲补充 150μg/d 的碘可能对儿童的认知发育有益；然而，我们没有发现母亲接受高于推荐剂量的碘补充剂对儿童神经发育结局有改善或延迟的证据。需要进一步开展具有更大样本量的随机对照试验来证实这些结果。
IRCT201303164794N8；注册日期：2013 年 5 月 20 日。
