Tian Dagang, Chen Zaijie, Lin Yan, Liang Tingmin, Chen Ziqiang, Guo Xinrui, Wang Feng, Wang Zonghua
State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Biotechnology Research Institute, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Agriculture, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China.
Rice (N Y). 2021 May 11;14(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12284-021-00486-9.
Utilizating the plant microbiome to enhance pathogen resistance in crop production is an emerging alternative to the use of chemical pesticides. However, the diversity and structure of the microbiota, and the assembly mechanisms of root-associated microbial communities of plants are still poorly understood.
We invstigated the microbiota of the root endosphere and rhizosphere soils of the rice cultivar Nipponbare (NPB) and its Piz-t-transgenic line (NPB-Piz-t) when infected with the filamentous fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) isolate KJ201, using 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) amplicon sequencing. The rhizosphere soils showed higher bacterial and fungal richness and diversity than the endosphere except for fungal richness in the rhizosphere soils of the mock treatment. Bacteria richness and diversity increased in the endospheric communities of NPB and Piz-t under inoculation with KJ201 (referred to as 'NPB-KJ201' and 'Piz-t-KJ201', respectively) compared with the corresponding mock treatments, with the NPB-KJ201 showing the highest diversity in the four bacterial endocompartments. In contrast, fungal richness and diversity decreased in the endospheric communities of NPB-KJ201 and Piz-t-KJ201, relative to the corresponding mock treatments, with NPB-KJ201 and Piz-t-KJ201 having the lowest richness and diversity, respectively, across the four fungal endocompartments. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the microbiota of Piz-t-KJ201 of root endophytes were mostly remarkablely distinct from that of NPB-KJ201. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the phyla Proteobacteria and Ascomycota were the key contributors to the bacterial and fungal communities, respectively. Furthermore, a comparative metabolic analysis showed that the contents of tryptophan metabolism and indole alkaloid biosynthesis were significantly lower in the Piz-t-KJ201 plants.
In this study, we compared the diversity, composition, and assembly of microbial communities associated with the rhizosphere soils and endosphere of Piz-t-KJ201 and NPB-KJ201. On the basis of the different compositions, diversities, and assemblies of the microbial communities among different compartments, we propose that the host genotype and inoculation pattern of M. oryzae played dominant roles in determining the microbial community assemblage. Further metabolomics analysis revealed that some metabolites may influence changes in bacterial communities. This study improves our understanding of the complex interactions between rice and M. oryzae, which could be useful in developing new strategies to improve rice resistance through the manipulation of soil microorganisms.
利用植物微生物群提高作物生产中的病原体抗性是一种新兴的替代化学农药使用的方法。然而，微生物群的多样性和结构，以及植物根际相关微生物群落的组装机制仍知之甚少。
我们使用16S rRNA和内转录间隔区1（ITS1）扩增子测序，研究了水稻品种日本晴（NPB）及其Piz - t转基因系（NPB - Piz - t）在感染丝状真菌稻瘟病菌（M. oryzae）分离株KJ201时根内圈和根际土壤的微生物群。除模拟处理的根际土壤中的真菌丰富度外，根际土壤显示出比根内圈更高的细菌和真菌丰富度及多样性。与相应的模拟处理相比，接种KJ201（分别称为“NPB - KJ201”和“Piz - t - KJ201”）后，NPB和Piz - t根内圈群落中的细菌丰富度和多样性增加，NPB - KJ201在四个细菌内生区室中显示出最高的多样性。相反，相对于相应的模拟处理，NPB - KJ201和Piz - t - KJ201根内圈群落中的真菌丰富度和多样性降低，在四个真菌内生区室中，NPB - KJ201和Piz - t - KJ201分别具有最低的丰富度和多样性。主成分分析（PCA）表明，根内生菌的Piz - t - KJ201的微生物群与NPB - KJ201的微生物群大多显著不同。共现网络分析表明，变形菌门和子囊菌门分别是细菌和真菌群落的关键贡献者。此外，比较代谢分析表明，Piz - t - KJ201植物中色氨酸代谢和吲哚生物碱生物合成的含量显著降低。
在本研究中，我们比较了与Piz - t - KJ201和NPB - KJ201的根际土壤和根内圈相关的微生物群落的多样性、组成和组装。基于不同区室中微生物群落的不同组成、多样性和组装，我们提出宿主基因型和稻瘟病菌的接种模式在决定微生物群落组装中起主导作用。进一步的代谢组学分析表明，一些代谢物可能影响细菌群落的变化。本研究增进了我们对水稻与稻瘟病菌之间复杂相互作用的理解，这可能有助于制定通过操纵土壤微生物来提高水稻抗性的新策略。
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