Dastogeer Khondoker M G, Yasuda Michiko, Okazaki Shin
Plant Microbiology Laboratory, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Aug 2;13:949152. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.949152. eCollection 2022.
Increasing evidence suggests that the plant rhizosphere may recruit beneficial microbes to suppress soil-borne pathogens, but microbiome assembly due to foliar pathogen infection and ecological mechanisms that govern microbiome assembly and functions in the diseased host are not fully understood. To provide a comprehensive view of the rice-associated microbiome, we compared bacterial and fungal communities of healthy rice and those infected with , the causal agent of blast disease. We found that the soil had a greater diversity of bacterial and fungal communities than plant endospheric communities. There was no significant dysbiosis of bacterial and fungal microbiome diversity due to disease, but it caused a substantial alteration of bacterial community structure in the root and rhizosphere compartments. The pathobiome analysis showed that the microbiome community structure of leaf and grain tissues was changed markedly at the pathogen infection site, although the alpha diversity did not change. Correspondingly, the relative abundances of some bacteria and fungi were clearly altered in symptomatic tissues. We noted an increase in bacteria and a decline of , and fungi in the symptomatic leaf and grain tissues from both locations. According to the inferred microbial network, several direct interactions between and other microbes were identified. The majority of edges in the interaction network were positive in diseased samples; contrastingly, the number of edges was much lower in the healthy samples. With source tracking analysis, we observed a sharp contrast in the source of root endosphere bacteria due to infection. Whereas the majority (71%) of healthy root bacteria could be tracked from the soil, only a very small portion (17%) could be tracked from the soil for diseased samples. These results advanced our understanding and provided potential ideas and a theoretical basis for studying pathobiome and exploiting the microbiome for sustainable agriculture.
越来越多的证据表明，植物根际可能招募有益微生物来抑制土壤传播的病原体，但叶面病原体感染导致的微生物群落组装以及控制患病宿主中微生物群落组装和功能的生态机制尚未完全了解。为了全面了解与水稻相关的微生物群落，我们比较了健康水稻以及感染稻瘟病病原体的水稻的细菌和真菌群落。我们发现，土壤中的细菌和真菌群落比植物内生群落具有更高的多样性。疾病并未导致细菌和真菌微生物群落多样性出现显著失调，但它导致了根和根际部分细菌群落结构的实质性改变。病原微生物群落分析表明，尽管α多样性没有变化，但在病原体感染部位，叶和籽粒组织的微生物群落结构发生了明显变化。相应地，有症状组织中一些细菌和真菌的相对丰度明显改变。我们注意到，来自两个地点的有症状叶和籽粒组织中，[具体细菌名称]细菌增加，[具体细菌名称1]、[具体细菌名称2]和[具体真菌名称]真菌减少。根据推断的微生物网络，确定了[具体细菌名称]与其他微生物之间的几种直接相互作用。患病样本中相互作用网络中的大多数边是正向的；相比之下，健康样本中的边数要少得多。通过来源追踪分析，我们观察到由于[具体病原体名称]感染，根内生细菌的来源存在鲜明对比。健康根细菌的大部分（71%）可以从土壤中追踪到，而患病样本中只有很小一部分（17%）可以从土壤中追踪到。这些结果增进了我们的理解，并为研究病原微生物群落和利用微生物群落促进可持续农业提供了潜在思路和理论基础。
