DeMicco F J, Olsen M D
School of Hotel, Restaurant, and Institutional Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
J Am Diet Assoc. 1988 Aug;88(8):921-7.
The relationship between attitudes, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment has been shown to influence turnover/retirement. This relationship is important because of changing demographic patterns in the U.S. that are contributing to present and future foodservice labor shortages. The labor shortage has potential for retarding the long-term growth of the foodservice industry. However, recruitment and retention of older workers could be a factor in controlling the problem. Therefore, the major purpose of this research was to obtain information from current older foodservice employees to permit the determination of how various aspects of their jobs affect job satisfaction and organizational commitment and, thus, intention to remain on the job by delaying retirement. Non-management-level hospital and college/university foodservice workers aged 55 years and older (no. = 243) were surveyed. Hospital employees were selected from corporate rosters provided by a major contract foodservice company. College and university employees were selected from the roster of the National Association of College and University Food Services (NACUFS). No statistically meaningful relationship (r greater than or equal to .30) between work satisfaction (measured by the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire) and organizational commitment (measured by the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire), as correlated with retirement intention, was found. Although not considered meaningful, a slight statistical relationship was found (r = .15, p less than .02) between intrinsic satisfaction and the desire to delay retirement (work intention).
态度、工作满意度和组织承诺之间的关系已被证明会影响员工流动/退休。这种关系很重要，因为美国人口结构的变化导致了当前和未来餐饮服务劳动力短缺。劳动力短缺有可能阻碍餐饮服务业的长期增长。然而，招募和留住老年员工可能是控制这一问题的一个因素。因此，本研究的主要目的是从当前老年餐饮服务员工那里获取信息，以确定他们工作的各个方面如何影响工作满意度和组织承诺，进而确定他们是否有意通过延迟退休来继续工作。对年龄在55岁及以上的非管理级医院和高校餐饮服务员工（共243人）进行了调查。医院员工是从一家大型合同餐饮服务公司提供的公司花名册中挑选出来的。高校员工是从全国高校食品服务协会（NACUFS）的花名册中挑选出来的。研究发现，工作满意度（通过明尼苏达满意度问卷测量）和组织承诺（通过组织承诺问卷测量）与退休意愿之间没有统计学意义上的显著关系（r大于或等于0.30）。虽然这种关系不被认为具有显著意义，但研究发现内在满意度与延迟退休的意愿（工作意愿）之间存在轻微的统计关系（r = 0.15，p小于0.02）。
