Department of Philosophy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Eur J Med Genet. 2021 Aug;64(8):104232. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104232. Epub 2021 May 8.
Genetics, as a discipline, is an essential part of the modern world. However, analyzing the interaction between genetics and society can be complex. Therefore, terminology has arisen from diverse fields to better understand genetics and its relation to other domains. Nevertheless, the diverse origins of many of these terms, as well as a lack of clarity in their definitions, have led to differences in use. This paper focuses on four such terms: genetic fetishism, geneticization, genetic essentialism, and genetic exceptionalism. By clarifying what each term means, the fields that utilize them will be helped. Furthermore, these terms can have specific value to bioethics in analyzing ethical issues that arise from genetics and the interaction with the socio-cultural world. While these terms may not always be applicable, a more careful analysis of their meaning can cultivate a more scientific and rigorous analysis of the ways genetics impacts and is understood by humanity.
遗传学作为一门学科，是现代世界的重要组成部分。然而，分析遗传学与社会之间的相互作用可能很复杂。因此，术语已经从不同领域出现，以更好地理解遗传学及其与其他领域的关系。然而，这些术语中的许多术语的起源不同，并且它们的定义也不明确，这导致了用法上的差异。本文重点介绍了四个这样的术语：遗传拜物教、遗传化、遗传本质论和遗传例外论。通过澄清每个术语的含义，将有助于利用这些术语的领域。此外，这些术语在分析由遗传学及其与社会文化世界的相互作用所产生的伦理问题时，对生物伦理学具有特定的价值。虽然这些术语并非总是适用，但更仔细地分析其含义可以培养对遗传学影响人类和人类理解遗传学的方式的更科学、更严格的分析。
