Monash University, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Melbourne, Australia.
Monash University, Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Melbourne, Australia.
Nutrition. 2021 Oct;90:111259. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111259. Epub 2021 Apr 6.
Mis-reporting is common in dietary assessment, leading to misinterpretation of disease risk and could be important in older adults with increased chronic disease risk. This study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of mis-reporting among older adults and its association with health outcomes including quality of life (QoL).
The study was conducted in 335 community-dwelling older adults at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, participating in the SCReening Evaluation of the Evolution of New Heart Failure Study dietary substudy. Diet was assessed using 4-day weighed food diaries, QoL measured through Short Form 36, and physical activity assessed using the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition physical activity questionnaire. Dietary mis-reporting was defined based on Goldberg cutoffs, using individual physical activity levels. Odds ratios were determined to establish associations between mis-reporting and health outcomes.
The prevalence of mis-reporting among older adults was 49.3%, with 44.5% of women mis-reporting their energy intake. The study found under-reporting of energy to be associated with body mass index, specifically being overweight (odds ratio: 3.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54-6.15) and obese (odds ratio: 6.60; 95% CI, 3.05-4.26), as well as physical inactivity (odds ratio: 0.24; 95% CI, 0.14-0.43). Only physical inactivity predicted over-reporting of dietary intake (odds ratio: 7.52; 95% CI, 1.57-36.0).
Dietary under-reporting was associated with being overweight, obese, and physically inactive in addition to the absence of comorbidities, reinforcing the need for further research in older adults to factor in dietary mis-reporting for meaningful diet-disease relationship analyses.
饮食评估中经常出现错误报告，这可能导致疾病风险的误解，对于慢性病风险增加的老年人来说尤为重要。本研究旨在调查老年人错误报告的发生率和特征及其与健康结果（包括生活质量[QoL]）的关系。
该研究在 335 名有心血管疾病风险的社区居住老年人中进行，他们参加了 SCReening Evaluation of the Evolution of New Heart Failure 研究的饮食子研究。饮食通过 4 天的称重食物日记进行评估，使用 Short Form 36 评估 QoL，使用欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查的体力活动问卷评估体力活动。根据个体体力活动水平，使用 Goldberg 截断值定义饮食错误报告。确定比值比以确定错误报告与健康结果之间的关联。
老年人错误报告的发生率为 49.3%，其中 44.5%的女性错误报告了能量摄入。研究发现，能量摄入不足与体重指数有关，具体表现为超重（比值比：3.08；95%置信区间[CI]：1.54-6.15）和肥胖（比值比：6.60；95% CI：3.05-4.26），以及体力活动不足（比值比：0.24；95% CI：0.14-0.43）。只有体力活动不足预测了饮食摄入的过度报告（比值比：7.52；95% CI：1.57-36.0）。
除了没有合并症外，饮食摄入不足与超重、肥胖和体力活动不足有关，这进一步证明了在老年人中需要进一步研究饮食错误报告，以进行有意义的饮食-疾病关系分析。
