School of Health and Sport Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia.
Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
BMC Geriatr. 2018 Jan 5;18(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s12877-017-0700-4.
Weight loss interventions have not been advocated for overweight/obese older adults due to potential loss of skeletal muscle and strength impacting on physical function with potential loss of independence. Carotenoids and polyphenols are inversely associated with sarcopenic symptomology. This paper reports the protocol of a study evaluating the efficacy of a high-protein, energy restricted diet rich in carotenoids and polyphenols on body composition, muscle strength, physical performance and quality of life in overweight and obese older adults.
This randomised controlled clinical trial will recruit community-dwelling, healthy overweight and obese older adults (≥60 years) for a 12-week weight loss intervention. Seventy-three participants will be recruited and randomized to an energy restricted (~30% restriction), isocaloric diet (30% protein; 30% carbohydrate; 40% fat) enriched with either: a) 375 g/d of high carotenoid vegetables, 300 g/d high carotenoid fruit, and 40-60 ml extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO); or b) 375 g/d of lower carotenoid vegetables, 300 g/d lower carotenoid fruit, and 40-60 ml Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) based oil. All participants will receive individual dietary counselling each fortnight for the duration of the study and will be asked to maintain their habitual level of physical activity throughout the study. The primary outcome will be appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Secondary outcomes will include body weight, fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), muscle strength (Isometric hand-grip strength), physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) and health related quality of life (SF-36). Outcomes will be measured at baseline and at week 12.
The results of this study will provide a novel insight relating to the potential influence of high carotenoid and polyphenol intakes on attenuation of ASM during dietary energy-restricted weight loss in overweight and obese older adults.
The trial was registered on the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Register ( ACTRN12616001400459 ); Trial registration date: 10th October, 2016.
由于体重减轻会导致骨骼肌和力量丧失，从而影响身体功能并可能导致丧失独立性，因此超重/肥胖的老年人不提倡进行减肥干预。类胡萝卜素和多酚与肌肉减少症的症状呈负相关。本文报告了一项研究的方案，该研究评估了富含类胡萝卜素和多酚的高蛋白、能量限制饮食对超重和肥胖老年人的身体成分、肌肉力量、身体表现和生活质量的功效。
这项随机对照临床试验将招募社区居住的健康超重和肥胖老年人（≥60 岁）进行为期 12 周的减肥干预。将招募 73 名参与者并随机分为能量限制（约 30%限制）、等热量饮食（30%蛋白质；30%碳水化合物；40%脂肪），并分别补充：a）375 克/天的高类胡萝卜素蔬菜、300 克/天的高类胡萝卜素水果和 40-60 毫升特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）；或 b）375 克/天的低类胡萝卜素蔬菜、300 克/天的低类胡萝卜素水果和 40-60 毫升多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）基油。所有参与者将在研究期间每两周接受一次个体饮食咨询，并被要求在整个研究过程中保持习惯性的身体活动水平。主要结局指标为双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）评估的四肢骨骼肌（ASM）。次要结局指标包括体重、去脂体重（FFM）、脂肪量（FM）、肌肉力量（等距手握力）、身体表现（简短身体表现电池）、身体活动（国际身体活动问卷）和健康相关生活质量（SF-36）。基线和第 12 周时将测量结果。
这项研究的结果将提供一个新的见解，即高类胡萝卜素和多酚摄入对超重和肥胖老年人在饮食能量限制减肥过程中减轻 ASM 的潜在影响。
该试验在澳大利亚和新西兰临床试验注册中心（ACTRN12616001400459）注册；试验注册日期：2016 年 10 月 10 日。
