Ionescu-Pioggia M, Bird M, Orzack M H, Benes F, Beake B, Cole J O
McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02178.
Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1988 Apr;3(2):97-109. doi: 10.1097/00004850-198804000-00001.
Methaqualone is considered a sedative hypnotic drug with a pattern of pharmacological effects similar to those of barbiturates such as pentobarbital. It does have chemical similarities to the barbiturates but was, in fact, synthesized as part of an Indian program looking for antimalarial drugs (Brown and Goenechea, 1973). Methaqualone was selected for the focus of this study five years ago, because of its popularity as a euphoriant among casual recreational drug users in the Boston area. Methaqualone, instead of a barbiturate hypnotic, was therefore used to test our proposed methodology for the assessment of the abuse liability of sedative drugs. As one reviews the history of the clinical use and illicit abuse of methaqualone, it appears particularly unfortunate that a study of this sort was neither completed nor available to our Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) in 1965. It was at this time that the drug was approved for prescription use and placed in Schedule V, a schedule which essentially places no restrictions on the clinical use of a prescription drug (Falco, 1976). This paper will both review the development of methaqualone and present an experimental methodology for assessing its abuse liability under seminaturalistic conditions.
甲喹酮被认为是一种镇静催眠药，其药理作用模式与戊巴比妥等巴比妥类药物相似。它与巴比妥类药物确实存在化学相似性，但实际上是作为印度一项寻找抗疟药物计划的一部分而合成的（布朗和戈内切亚，1973年）。五年前，甲喹酮被选为这项研究的重点，因为它在波士顿地区的休闲吸毒者中作为一种致欣快剂很受欢迎。因此，我们使用甲喹酮而非巴比妥类催眠药来测试我们提出的评估镇静药物滥用可能性的方法。回顾甲喹酮的临床使用和非法滥用历史，很不幸的是，这样一项研究在1965年既未完成，也未提交给我们的食品药品监督管理局（FDA）和药品执法局（DEA）。就在此时，该药物被批准用于处方，并被列入V类药品清单，该清单基本上对处方药的临床使用没有限制（法尔科，1976年）。本文将回顾甲喹酮的发展历程，并提出一种在半自然条件下评估其滥用可能性的实验方法。
