Obesity in Renal Transplantation.

BACKGROUND

Data from the WHO show an increasing rate of overweight and obesity in general population in the last decades. This increase in obesity also affects population with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and kidney transplant (KT) candidates.

SUMMARY

In this review, we focused on how obesity impacts on KT stages: access to KT and outcomes of KT candidates; how to reduce weight and its consequences; short and long-term outcomes in obese recipients and the impact of weight variations; and the implications of obesity in living donor KT. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until November 30, 2020. We selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses and randomized clinical trials. When no such reports were found for a topic, observational studies were included in the assessment. Key Messages: Although obesity is a risk factor to present worst outcomes after KT, several studies have demonstrated a survival benefit compared to patients who continue on dialysis. There is a need for a public health campaign to raise awareness in KT candidates and to highlight the importance of self-care, increasing exercise, healthy diet, and weight loss.