Karolinska Institutet, Department of Global Public Health, Tomtebodavägen 18 A, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Lidingövägen 1, 114 33, Stockholm, Sweden.
BMC Pediatr. 2021 May 11;21(1):228. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-02694-0.
Children's voices are seldom heard in process evaluations concerning health promotion programmes. A Healthy School Start Plus (HSSP) is a parental support programme, conducted in Sweden, with the aim of promoting healthy diet, physical activity and preventing obesity in preschool class children. The 6-month programme includes: (1) Health information to parents; (2) Motivational Interviewing with parents by school nurses; (3) Classroom activities and home assignments for children; (4) A self-test of type-2 diabetes risk for parents. We aimed to describe children's experiences of the third component regarding barriers and facilitators of participating in and learning from the classroom activities in the HSSP.
In total 36 children from 7 schools in Sweden, mean age 6 years, participated in 7 focus group discussions. Purposeful sampling with maximum variation was used to collect the data. The focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis.
Four categories were identified; (1) Time available to work on intervention activities; (2) Others' interest; (3) Abilities and interests in intervention activities; and (4) Practicing the concept of health.
The findings may improve the HSSP and other similar interventions that include classroom-based learning regarding health by highlighting the following points to consider: aiming for homework to be an integrated part of the school-setting to enhance parental involvement; using flexible material, tailored to the children's abilities and giving children adequate time to finish the intervention activities; and making teachers and parents aware of the importance of verbal and body language regarding intervention activities.
The Healthy School Start Plus trial was retrospectively registered in the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number Registry on January 4, 2018 and available online at ClinicalTrials.gov: No. NCT03390725 .
在健康促进计划的过程评估中，很少能听到儿童的声音。健康学校启动加（HSSP）是一项在瑞典开展的父母支持计划，旨在促进学龄前儿童的健康饮食、身体活动和预防肥胖。该 6 个月的计划包括：（1）向父母提供健康信息；（2）学校护士对父母进行动机访谈；（3）为儿童提供课堂活动和家庭作业；（4）为父母进行 2 型糖尿病风险自我测试。我们旨在描述孩子们对第三部分的体验，即参与和从 HSSP 中的课堂活动中学习的障碍和促进因素。
共有来自瑞典 7 所学校的 36 名 6 岁儿童参与了 7 次焦点小组讨论。采用具有最大变化的目的性抽样收集数据。对焦点小组进行了录音、转录，并使用定性内容分析进行了分析。
确定了四个类别：（1）有时间参与干预活动；（2）他人的兴趣；（3）对干预活动的能力和兴趣；以及（4）实践健康概念。
这些发现可能会改善 HSSP 和其他类似的干预措施，包括以课堂为基础的健康学习，强调以下几点需要考虑：旨在使家庭作业成为学校环境的一个组成部分，以增强家长的参与度；使用灵活的材料，根据儿童的能力进行定制，并为儿童提供足够的时间完成干预活动；让教师和家长意识到口头和肢体语言在干预活动中的重要性。
健康学校启动加试验于 2018 年 1 月 4 日在国际标准随机对照试验编号注册中心进行了回顾性注册，可在 ClinicalTrials.gov 上在线获取：编号 NCT03390725。
