Bitiņa-Barlote Ērika, Plonis Juris, Cauce Vinita, Vjaters Egils, Gardovskis Jānis, Miklaševičs Edvīns, Nakazawa-Miklaševiča Miki
Rīga Stradiņš University, Institute of Oncology, Riga, Latvia.
Center of Urology, Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
Cent European J Urol. 2021;74(1):14-23. doi: 10.5173/ceju.2021.0266.R2. Epub 2021 Feb 18.
The aim of this article was to evaluate bladder cancer (BC) incidence, mortality and survival trends in Latvia over the past 28 years.
Our study included patients diagnosed with BC between 1990 and 2017. The data were obtained from the national population-based cancer registry. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to identify points where a significant change in incidence and mortality trends occurred, accordingly with the patient's gender and age. Relative survival (RS) was estimated by Ederer I and II methods.
Altogether, 9589 patients with initial BC diagnosis were included in the study. The age-standardised (ASR) incidence rates (per 100,000) increased from 6.8 in 1990 to 12.5 in 2014 followed by a statistically insignificant decrease continuing up to 2017. The ASR BC mortality rates (per 100,000) also rose from 3.9 in 1990 to 4.4 in 2017. However, there was a decline in BC mortality trends in the age-group 40-59 with annual percentage change (APC) -1.1%. RS rates increased from 55.0 % in 1990-2000 to 59.0% in years 2013-2017.
This study revealed that the incidence and mortality rates have been gradually increasing over the past 28 years. The exception being cancer-specific mortality in the age group 40-59, which tends to decrease. Although the 5-year RS rates improved over the reviewed period, there is still plenty of room for improvement.
本文旨在评估拉脱维亚过去28年膀胱癌（BC）的发病率、死亡率和生存趋势。
我们的研究纳入了1990年至2017年间被诊断为BC的患者。数据来自全国基于人群的癌症登记处。采用Joinpoint回归分析来确定发病率和死亡率趋势发生显著变化的时间点，并根据患者的性别和年龄进行分析。通过Ederer I和II方法估计相对生存率（RS）。
该研究共纳入9589例初诊为BC的患者。年龄标准化发病率（每10万人）从1990年的6.8上升至2014年的12.5，随后在2017年之前出现统计学上不显著的下降。年龄标准化BC死亡率（每10万人）也从1990年的3.9升至2017年的4.4。然而，40 - 59岁年龄组的BC死亡率趋势有所下降，年变化百分比（APC）为 -1.1%。RS率从1990 - 2000年的55.0%升至2013 - 2017年的59.0%。
本研究表明，在过去28年中，发病率和死亡率一直在逐渐上升。40 - 59岁年龄组的癌症特异性死亡率是个例外，呈下降趋势。尽管在回顾期内5年RS率有所提高，但仍有很大的改进空间。
