School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, 3333 University Way, Prince George, British Columbia, V2N 4Z9, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, Canada.
Can J Public Health. 2021 Aug;112(4):748-757. doi: 10.17269/s41997-021-00507-6. Epub 2021 May 12.
The goal of this study was to compare the odds of meeting physical activity (PA) guidelines among adults living in rural and urban areas of Canada.
Data from the 2017 cycle of the Canadian Community Health Survey were analyzed using binomial logistic regression with a sample of 47,266 adults representing a survey-weighted total of 25,669,018. The odds of meeting PA guidelines were determined based on self-reported moderate-to-vigorous PA (<150 min per week or ≥150 min per week). Communities were categorized as urban or rural based on population size and density. Individual-level correlates included in the model were self-identified sex, age, body mass index, highest level of education, household income, perceived health, and sense of belonging to community.
Approximately 56.6% of rural and 59.3% of urban adults reported meeting recommended PA levels when location was examined as a sole predictor. The best-fit model adjusted for all individual-level factors showed a significant sex × location interaction. Males in rural communities were more likely to report meeting PA guidelines (odds = 0.90 or 47.4%) than males in urban areas (odds = 0.78 or 43.8%), whereas females living in rural communities (odds = 0.58 or 36.7%) were less likely to report meeting PA guidelines than females in urban areas (odds = 0.65 or 39.4%).
The association between rural-urban residence and meeting PA guidelines appears to be contingent on self-identified sex differences. Future work should explore how gender- and location-related variables interact to influence self-reported PA engagement.
本研究旨在比较居住在加拿大农村和城市地区的成年人达到身体活动（PA）指南的几率。
使用二项逻辑回归分析，对来自 2017 年加拿大社区健康调查的数据分析，样本为 47266 名成年人，代表了 25669018 名具有调查权重的总体。根据自我报告的中等到剧烈 PA（<150 分钟/周或≥150 分钟/周）来确定达到 PA 指南的几率。根据人口规模和密度将社区分为城市或农村。模型中包含的个体水平相关因素包括自我确定的性别、年龄、体重指数、最高教育程度、家庭收入、感知健康和对社区的归属感。
当仅检查位置作为单一预测因素时，约有 56.6%的农村和 59.3%的城市成年人报告达到了推荐的 PA 水平。调整了所有个体水平因素的最佳拟合模型显示了性别与位置之间的显著交互作用。与城市地区的男性（几率=0.78 或 43.8%）相比，农村地区的男性更有可能报告达到 PA 指南（几率=0.90 或 47.4%），而居住在农村社区的女性（几率=0.58 或 36.7%）报告达到 PA 指南的可能性低于城市地区的女性（几率=0.65 或 39.4%）。
农村-城市居住与达到 PA 指南之间的关联似乎取决于自我确定的性别差异。未来的工作应该探讨性别和位置相关变量如何相互作用，影响自我报告的 PA 参与度。
