Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, 268J Recreation Building, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, USA.
Support Care Cancer. 2020 Oct;28(10):5013-5022. doi: 10.1007/s00520-020-05342-y. Epub 2020 Feb 8.
This study explored rural-urban differences in meeting physical activity (PA) recommendations and health status in cancer survivors in central Pennsylvania and associations between PA and health status.
Cancer survivors (N = 2463) were identified through a state cancer registry and mailed questionnaires assessing PA and health status. Rural-urban residence was based on county of residence at diagnosis. Participants self-reported frequency and duration of leisure-time PA and were classified as meeting: (1) aerobic recommendations (≥ 150 min/week), (2) muscle-strengthening recommendations (≥ 2 times/week), (3) both aerobic and muscle-strengthening recommendations, or (4) neither recommendation. Logistic regression models examined associations between rural-urban residence and meeting PA recommendations and associations between PA and health status, adjusting for age, cancer type, gender, and income.
Nearly 600 (N = 591, 24.0%) cancer survivors returned completed questionnaires (rural 9.5%, urban 90.5%). Half (50.0%) of rural cancer survivors reported no leisure-time PA compared to 35.2% of urban cancer survivors (p = 0.020), and urban cancer survivors were 2.6 times more likely to meet aerobic PA recommendations (95% CI 1.1-6.4). Odds of reporting good physical and mental health were 2.3 times higher among survivors who reported meeting aerobic recommendations compared to those who did not meet PA recommendations (95% CI 1.1-4.5), adjusting for rurality and covariates.
Results demonstrate persistent rural-urban differences in meeting PA recommendations in cancer survivors and its association with self-reported health.
Findings underscore the need for interventions to increase PA in rural cancer survivors in an effort to improve health status and reduce cancer health disparities.
本研究旨在探讨宾夕法尼亚州中部癌症幸存者在体力活动（PA）建议和健康状况方面的城乡差异，以及 PA 与健康状况之间的关系。
通过州癌症登记处确定癌症幸存者（N=2463），并邮寄问卷评估 PA 和健康状况。根据诊断时的居住县确定城乡居住情况。参与者自我报告休闲时间 PA 的频率和持续时间，并分为以下几类：（1）满足有氧运动建议（≥150 分钟/周），（2）满足肌肉强化建议（≥每周 2 次），（3）同时满足有氧运动和肌肉强化建议，或（4）均不满足建议。使用逻辑回归模型检验城乡居住与 PA 建议的符合情况以及 PA 与健康状况之间的关系，调整了年龄、癌症类型、性别和收入因素。
近 600 名（N=591，24.0%）癌症幸存者返回了完整的问卷（农村 9.5%，城市 90.5%）。近一半（50.0%）农村癌症幸存者报告没有休闲时间 PA，而城市癌症幸存者这一比例为 35.2%（p=0.020），城市癌症幸存者更有可能满足有氧运动 PA 建议（95% CI 1.1-6.4）。与未达到 PA 建议的幸存者相比，报告达到有氧运动建议的幸存者报告良好的身体和心理健康的几率高 2.3 倍（95% CI 1.1-4.5），调整了城乡和协变量因素。
结果表明，癌症幸存者在达到 PA 建议方面存在持续的城乡差异，并且与自我报告的健康状况有关。
研究结果强调了需要在农村癌症幸存者中开展干预措施，以增加 PA，改善健康状况，减少癌症健康差距。
