Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
Genes Cells. 2021 Jul;26(7):459-473. doi: 10.1111/gtc.12854. Epub 2021 May 12.
There are several examples in the nature wherein the mechanism of longevity control of unicellular organisms is evolutionarily conserved with that of higher multicellular organisms. The present microreview focuses on aging and longevity studies, particularly on chronological lifespan (CLS) concerning the unicellular eukaryotic fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In S. pombe, >30 compounds, 8 types of nutrient restriction, and >80 genes that extend CLS have been reported. Several CLS control mechanisms are known to be involved in nutritional response, energy utilization, stress responses, translation, autophagy, and sexual differentiation. In unicellular organisms, the control of CLS is directly linked to the mechanism by which cells are maintained in limited-resource environments, and their genetic information is left to posterity. We believe that this important mechanism may have been preserved as a lifespan control mechanism for higher organisms.
在自然界中，有几个例子表明单细胞生物的长寿控制机制在进化上与多细胞生物是保守的。本综述重点关注衰老和长寿研究，特别是关于单细胞真核有丝分裂酵母酿酒酵母的时序寿命（CLS）。在酿酒酵母中，已经报道了超过 30 种化合物、8 种营养限制类型和超过 80 个延长 CLS 的基因。已知有几个 CLS 控制机制涉及营养响应、能量利用、应激反应、翻译、自噬和有性分化。在单细胞生物中，CLS 的控制直接与细胞在有限资源环境中维持的机制有关，其遗传信息会遗传给后代。我们相信，这种重要的机制可能被保留为高等生物的寿命控制机制。
