Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rodovia SP-340, Km 127,5, 13820-000 Jaguariúna, SP, Brazil.
APTA, Instituto Biológico, Centro Experimental do Instituto Biológico, Alameda dos Vidoeiros, 1097, Gramado, 13101-680 ampinas, SP, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2021 May 10;93(3):e20190696. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202120190696. eCollection 2021.
Modelling studies on climate change predict continuous increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] and increase in temperature. This may alter carbon-based phytochemicals such phenolics and modify plant interactions with herbivorous. We investigated the effects of enhanced [CO2] and local climatic variation on young coffee plants, Coffea arabica L. cv Catuaí vermelho IAC-144 and Obatã vermelho IAC-1669-20, cultivated in the FACE (Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment) facility under two atmospheric [CO2] conditions. Coffee leaves were evaluated for total soluble phenolics (TSP), chlorogenic (5-CQA) and caffeic (CAF) acids, diversity and population size of mites, along two dry and two rainy seasons. Elevated atmospheric CO2 (e[CO2]) significantly decreased 5-CQA in cv. Catuaí but did not affect cv. Obatã. Species richness and population size of mites in coffee leaves were not affected by e[CO2] but were strongly related to the seasonal variability of coffee leaf phenolics. In general, high levels of phenolics were negatively correlated with population size while the mite species richness were negatively correlated with 5-CQA and TSP levels. Our findings show that [CO2] enhancement affects phenolics in coffee plants differentially by cultivars, however seasonality is the key determinant of phenolics composition, mite species richness and population size.
气候变化模型研究预测大气二氧化碳浓度[CO2]将持续增加，温度也将升高。这可能会改变基于碳的植物化学物质，如酚类，并改变植物与草食性动物的相互作用。我们研究了大气[CO2]增强和局部气候变化对年轻咖啡植株（阿拉比卡咖啡品种 Catuaí vermelho IAC-144 和 Obatã vermelho IAC-1669-20）的影响，这些植株在 FACE（自由空气二氧化碳增浓）设施中进行栽培，处于两种大气[CO2]条件下。我们评估了咖啡叶片的总可溶性酚类物质（TSP）、绿原酸（5-CQA）和咖啡酸（CAF）含量、螨类的多样性和种群大小，共进行了两个旱季和两个雨季的评估。大气 CO2 浓度升高（e[CO2]）显著降低了 Catuaí 品种的 5-CQA，但对 Obatã 品种没有影响。螨类在咖啡叶片中的物种丰富度和种群大小不受 e[CO2]的影响，但与咖啡叶片酚类物质的季节性变化密切相关。一般来说，高水平的酚类物质与种群大小呈负相关，而螨类的物种丰富度与 5-CQA 和 TSP 水平呈负相关。我们的研究结果表明，[CO2]增强通过品种差异影响咖啡植物中的酚类物质，但季节性是酚类物质组成、螨类物种丰富度和种群大小的关键决定因素。
