Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource and Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Laboratory of Veterinary Radiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource and Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol. 2021 Sep;34(5):312-320. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1726085. Epub 2021 May 12.
The aim of this study was to investigate functional anatomy of the craniolateral bundle (CrLB) and caudomedial bundle (CdMB) of caudal cruciate ligament in normal Beagles.
Twelve stifle joints of 12 Beagle cadavers that were euthanatized for reasons other than musculoskeletal disease were used. Anatomical characteristics of femoral and tibial attachment regions of the caudal cruciate ligament were described, and location and area of the footprints of the CrLB and CdMB were objectively determined. The CrLB was artificially divided into two equal fibre bundle units and the CdMB was artificially divided into four equal bundle units. Changes in the fibre arrangement were recorded during stifle range of motion, and the tension of each fibre bundle unit at various stifle joint angles was objectively measured.
The CrLB was attached to the intercondylar fossa of the femur, and the CdMB was attached to the medial surface of the medial condyle of the femur. The centre of the CrLB attachment site was located craniomedial to that of the CdMB on the tibia. During stifle range of motion, each divided fibre bundle unit in the CrLB and CdMB was twisted externally. The tension of entire CdMB tended to be higher than that of entire CrLB at 180 to 135 degrees of the stifle angles. In full extension angle, the tension of entire CdMB was 1.55 times higher than that of entire CrLB.
This study contributes to understanding of the biomechanics and the function of the caudal cruciate ligament, which help to elucidate the pathophysiology of caudal cruciate ligament tear and to develop stifle joint stabilization surgery.
本研究旨在探讨正常比格犬后十字韧带颅外侧束（CrLB）和尾侧中间束（CdMB）的功能解剖结构。
使用 12 具因非肌肉骨骼疾病而安乐死的比格犬的 12 个膝关节。描述了后十字韧带股骨和胫骨附着区域的解剖学特征，并客观确定了 CrLB 和 CdMB 足迹的位置和面积。将 CrLB 人为地分为两个相等的纤维束单元，将 CdMB 人为地分为四个相等的束单元。在膝关节运动范围内记录纤维排列的变化，并客观测量各纤维束单元在不同膝关节角度时的张力。
CrLB 附着于股骨髁间窝，CdMB 附着于股骨内侧髁的内侧面。CrLB 附着部位的中心在胫骨上位于 CdMB 附着部位的颅内侧。在膝关节运动过程中，CrLB 和 CdMB 中的每个分离纤维束单元都向外扭转。在 180 度至 135 度的膝关节角度下，整个 CdMB 的张力趋于高于整个 CrLB。在完全伸展角度下，整个 CdMB 的张力比整个 CrLB 高 1.55 倍。
本研究有助于了解后十字韧带的生物力学和功能，有助于阐明后十字韧带撕裂的病理生理学，并开发膝关节稳定手术。
