Engell Dahl Julie, Marti Sapho-Lou, Colinet Hervé, Wiegand Claudia, Holmstrup Martin, Renault David
University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, F-35000, Rennes, France.
University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, F-35000, Rennes, France.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jul;274:129905. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129905. Epub 2021 Feb 8.
Climate change increases average temperatures and the occurrence of extreme weather events, in turn accentuating the risk of organism exposure to temperature stress. When thermal conditions become stressful, the sensitivity of insects toward insecticides can be exacerbated. Likewise, exposure of insects to insecticides can subsequently influence their ability to handle stressful temperatures. Here, we investigated the effects of constant temperature and daily heat spikes, in presence/absence of insecticide treatment (cyfluthrin), on the condition (impairment of mobility) and thermal tolerance to cold (-6 °C) and heat (42.5 °C) of the terrestrial beetle Alphitobius diaperinus. The responses of insects from four populations (three farm-collected populations, one laboratory population) to different durations of extreme temperature exposure were compared. The results showed that the laboratory population was generally more sensitive to extreme cold and heat temperatures, with less than 50% of adults recovering after an exposure at -6 or +42.5 °C for 3h. Significant differences in the level of thermal tolerance were also found among insects from poultry farms. Cyfluthrin exposure incurred detrimental effects to insects' condition in all but one population. For two out of the four populations, mobility impairment was increased when adults were exposed to daily heat spikes (6 h per day at 38 °C) and cyfluthrin simultaneously, compared to cyfluthrin exposure at constant temperatures; yet, no significant interaction between the two stressors was found. Finally, using one farm collected population, effects of pre-exposure to cyfluthrin on extreme temperature tolerance provided another example of the toxicant-induced climate sensitivity in insects.
气候变化会提高平均温度并增加极端天气事件的发生频率，进而加剧生物体暴露于温度胁迫的风险。当热条件变得具有胁迫性时，昆虫对杀虫剂的敏感性可能会增强。同样，昆虫接触杀虫剂随后可能会影响它们应对胁迫性温度的能力。在此，我们研究了在有/无杀虫剂处理（氟氯氰菊酯）的情况下，恒温及每日热峰值对陆生甲虫赤拟谷盗的状态（行动能力受损情况）以及对低温（-6℃）和高温（42.5℃）的热耐受性的影响。比较了来自四个种群（三个农场采集种群、一个实验室种群）的昆虫对不同时长极端温度暴露的反应。结果表明，实验室种群通常对极端寒冷和炎热温度更为敏感，在-6℃或+42.5℃暴露3小时后，不到50%的成虫能够恢复。在家禽农场的昆虫中也发现了热耐受性水平的显著差异。除一个种群外，氟氯氰菊酯暴露对昆虫的状态产生了有害影响。在四个种群中的两个种群中，与在恒温条件下接触氟氯氰菊酯相比，成虫同时暴露于每日热峰值（38℃下每天6小时）和氟氯氰菊酯时，行动能力受损加剧；然而，未发现这两种胁迫因素之间存在显著的相互作用。最后，以一个农场采集的种群为例，预先接触氟氯氰菊酯对极端温度耐受性的影响提供了另一个杀虫剂诱导昆虫气候敏感性的例子。
