Dep. of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, IA State Univ., Elings Hall, 605 Bissell Rd., Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
National Lab. for Agriculture and the Environment, USDA-ARS, 1015 N University Blvd., Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
J Environ Qual. 2021 Jul;50(4):911-922. doi: 10.1002/jeq2.20240. Epub 2021 Jun 10.
The use of antibiotics in animal agriculture has exacerbated the presence of both antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and residual antibiotics excreted in animal manure. Field application of this manure is a common practice because its nutrient rich material can benefit crop growth. However, this practice can also introduce antibiotics and ARGs into nonagricultural settings. The integration of prairie buffer strips within and at the edge of crop fields is a potential management solution to reduce concentrations of ARGs commonly transported via water runoff and infiltration. An incubation experiment was conducted to investigate the fate of ARGs in directly manured crop field soils and the surrounding affected prairie strip soils. Row crop and prairie strip soils sampled from three sites received either an antibiotic spike and swine manure addition or a control water addition. The concentrations of select ARGs were then monitored over a 72-d period. Although soil vegetation and site location were not observed to influence ARG dissipation, the select genes did display different half-lives from one another. For example, tetM demonstrated the fastest dissipation of the genes quantified (average half-life, 5.18 d). Conversely, sul1 did not conform to the first-order linear regression kinetics used to describe the other investigated genes and was highly abundant in control prairie strip soils. The quantified half-lives of these select ARGs are comparable to previous studies and can inform monitoring and mitigative efforts aimed at reducing the spread of ARGs in the environment.
在动物农业中使用抗生素加剧了抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）和动物粪便中排泄的残留抗生素的存在。这种粪便的田间应用是一种常见的做法，因为其富含营养的物质可以促进作物生长。然而，这种做法也会将抗生素和 ARGs 引入非农业环境中。在作物田内和周围设置草原缓冲带是减少常见的通过水流和渗透运输的 ARGs 浓度的一种潜在管理解决方案。一项孵化实验研究了直接施肥的作物田土壤和周围受影响的草原带土壤中 ARGs 的命运。从三个地点采集的作物田和草原带土壤分别接受了抗生素添加和猪粪添加或对照水添加。然后监测了选择的 ARGs 在 72 天内的浓度。尽管土壤植被和地点位置没有观察到影响 ARG 消散，但选择的基因彼此之间确实表现出不同的半衰期。例如，tetM 表现出所量化基因中最快的消散（平均半衰期为 5.18 天）。相反，sul1 不符合用于描述其他研究基因的一阶线性回归动力学，并且在对照草原带土壤中高度丰富。这些选择的 ARGs 的量化半衰期与先前的研究相当，并可为旨在减少环境中 ARGs 传播的监测和缓解工作提供信息。
