载脂蛋白小 RNA 外排、转运及在动脉粥样硬化中的功能传递
HDL-small RNA Export, Transport, and Functional Delivery in Atherosclerosis.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Ave. 312 Preston Research Building, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
出版信息
Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2021 May 13;23(7):38. doi: 10.1007/s11883-021-00930-7.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review highlights recent advances on the mechanisms and impact of HDL-small non-coding RNAs (sRNA) on intercellular communication in atherosclerosis.
RECENT FINDINGS
Studies demonstrate that HDL-microRNAs (miRNA) are significantly altered in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and are responsive to diet, obesity, and diabetes. Immune cells, pancreatic beta cells, and neurons are shown to export miRNAs to HDL. In turn, HDL can deliver functional miRNAs to recipient hepatocytes and endothelial cells regulating adhesion molecule expression, cytokines, and angiogenesis. With high-throughput sRNA sequencing, we now appreciate the full sRNA signature on circulating HDL, including the transport of rRNA and tRNA-derived fragments. Strikingly, HDL were highly enriched with exogenous microbial sRNAs. HDL transport a diverse set of host and non-host sRNAs that are altered in cardiometabolic diseases. Given the bioactivity of these sRNAs, they likely contribute to cellular communication within atherosclerotic lesions, and are potential disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
目的综述
本文重点介绍了 HDL-小非编码 RNA（sRNA）在动脉粥样硬化细胞间通讯中的作用机制及影响的最新进展。
最近的发现
研究表明，载脂蛋白 B 代谢障碍的心血管疾病（ASCVD）患者的 HDL-微小 RNA（miRNA）显著改变，并且对饮食、肥胖和糖尿病有反应。研究表明免疫细胞、胰岛β细胞和神经元可将 miRNA 输出到 HDL。反过来，HDL 可以将功能性 miRNA 递送到受者肝细胞和内皮细胞，调节黏附分子表达、细胞因子和血管生成。通过高通量 sRNA 测序，我们现在可以全面了解循环 HDL 上的 sRNA 特征，包括 rRNA 和 tRNA 衍生片段的转运。引人注目的是，HDL 富含外源性微生物 sRNA。HDL 转运多种宿主和非宿主 sRNA，这些 sRNA 在代谢性心血管疾病中发生改变。鉴于这些 sRNA 的生物活性，它们可能有助于动脉粥样硬化病变中的细胞通讯，并且是潜在的疾病生物标志物和治疗靶点。
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