Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tromsø, Norway.
UIT-The Arctic Sustainability Lab, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
PLoS One. 2021 May 13;16(5):e0251467. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251467. eCollection 2021.
Ocean-based economic development arising from an increasing interest in the 'blue economy' is placing ecosystems and small-scale fisheries under pressure. The dominant policy response for dealing with multiple uses is the allocation of coastal space through coastal zone planning (CZP). Recent studies have shown that the rush to develop the blue economy and regulate coastal activity can result in social injustices and the exclusion of less powerful and unrecognized groups (e.g., small-scale fishers, women, Indigenous peoples and youth). To achieve a primary goal of the 2030 sustainable development agenda to "leave no one behind", it is important to understand the implications of coastal planning and development for these groups. Here, we present a social survey protocol for examining perceptions of justice related to small-scale fisheries (SSF) in the context of the blue economy in coastal areas. Specifically, we designed the survey instrument and sampling protocol to assess whether decisions about the use of the coastal zone over the last five years have i) followed principles of good governance, ii) recognized fishers' knowledge, culture and rights and iii) been attentive to impacts of changed coastal zone use on fisheries. The survey will engage coastal planners (N = app. 120) and fishers (N = app. 4300) in all the coastal municipalities (N = 81) in Northern-Norway. The sampling protocol is designed to ensure representation of different sectors of society, including those defined by gender, age, ethnicity and occupation (e.g., small-scale fishers, large-scale fishers, coastal planners).
海洋经济的发展源于人们对“蓝色经济”日益增长的兴趣，这给生态系统和小规模渔业带来了压力。应对多种用途的主要政策反应是通过沿海区规划（CZP）来分配沿海空间。最近的研究表明，急于发展蓝色经济和规范沿海活动可能导致社会不公正和弱势和未被承认的群体（如小规模渔民、妇女、土著人民和青年）被排斥在外。为了实现 2030 年可持续发展议程的一个主要目标，即“不让任何人掉队”，了解沿海规划和发展对这些群体的影响非常重要。在这里，我们提出了一个社会调查方案，以考察在蓝色经济背景下与小规模渔业相关的正义观念。具体来说，我们设计了调查工具和抽样方案，以评估在过去五年中对沿海区使用的决策是否：i）遵循良好治理原则，ii）承认渔民的知识、文化和权利，iii）关注沿海区使用变化对渔业的影响。该调查将在挪威北部的所有沿海城市（N=81）中，让沿海规划者（N=约 120 人）和渔民（N=约 4300 人）参与。抽样方案旨在确保不同社会阶层的代表性，包括按性别、年龄、族裔和职业（如小规模渔民、大规模渔民、沿海规划者）定义的阶层。
