Liu Beibei, Man Qingqing, Li Yuqian, Jia Shanshan, Zhang Jian, Wang Jingzhong
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2021 Mar;50(2):210-216. doi: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2021.02.008.
To explore the association between different types of obesity and blood pressure in adolescents aged 12-17 years in eastern China.
Using multi-stage stratified random sampling, a total of 8279 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years in eastern China were selected as the research objects from the "Nutrition and Health Surveillance for Chinese Children and Nursing Mothers" project from 2016 to 2017. According to BMI and WHtR, the subjects were divided into four types: non-obesity, general obesity, simple abdominal obesity and combined obesity. The normal high blood pressure and high blood pressure of people with different types of obesity were determined according to Blood Pressure Standards for Children at 3-17 Years Old Per Year and Height in China. The relationship between different types of obesity and the prevalence of high blood pressure was analyzed by χ~2 test, analysis of variance, multi-level linear model and multi-level Logistic regression model.
The prevalence of high normal blood pressure was 13. 66%(1069), and the prevalence of high blood pressure was 18. 79%(1782) in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in eastern China. In the non-obese group, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure was 12. 85%(732), and the prevalence of high blood pressure was 13. 79%(999). In the general obesity group, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure was 20. 45%(99), and the prevalence of high blood pressure was 23. 62%(160). In the central obesity group, the prevalence of high normal blood pressure was 6. 95%(32), and the prevalence of high blood pressure was 14. 64%(87). The prevalence of high normal blood pressure was 16. 68%(206), and the prevalence of high blood pressure was 42. 42%(536) in the complex obesity group. The prevalence of high blood pressure(χ~2=8. 05, P<0. 01) the difference was statistically significant. Results of the multi-level model showed that the risk of high blood pressure in central obesity group was significantly higher in girls than in non-obese group(OR=1. 50, 95%CI 1. 12-2. 02). The risk of high normal blood pressure(OR=2. 05, 95%CI 1. 62-2. 58; OR=1. 83, 95%CI 1. 38-2. 42) and high blood pressure(OR=2. 06, 95%CI 1. 59-2. 67; OR=1. 57, 95%CI 1. 15-2. 14) in obese boys and girls were significantly higher than those in non-obese group. The risk of high normal blood pressure(OR=3. 80, 95%CI 3. 19-4. 51; OR=2. 79, 95%CI 2. 30-3. 37), high blood pressure(OR=4. 07, 95%CI 3. 39-4. 88; OR=2. 84, 95%CI 2. 32-3. 46) in both boys and girls with compound obesity was significantly higher than that in the non-obese group.
Different types of obesity have varying degrees of correction with different blood pressure levels in adolescents aged 12-17 years, combined obesity has the highest risk of elevated blood pressure.
探讨中国东部12 - 17岁青少年不同类型肥胖与血压之间的关联。
采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法，从2016 - 2017年“中国儿童和哺乳母亲营养与健康监测”项目中选取中国东部8279名12至17岁青少年作为研究对象。根据BMI和腰围身高比，将研究对象分为四种类型：非肥胖、一般肥胖、单纯腹型肥胖和复合型肥胖。依据《中国3 - 17岁儿童青少年血压参照标准》，确定不同类型肥胖人群的正常高值血压和高血压情况。采用χ²检验、方差分析、多水平线性模型和多水平Logistic回归模型分析不同类型肥胖与高血压患病率之间的关系。
中国东部12至17岁青少年正常高值血压患病率为13.66%（1069人），高血压患病率为18.79%（1782人）。在非肥胖组中，正常高值血压患病率为12.85%（732人），高血压患病率为13.79%（999人）。在一般肥胖组中，正常高值血压患病率为20.45%（99人），高血压患病率为23.62%（160人）。在腹型肥胖组中，正常高值血压患病率为6.95%（32人），高血压患病率为14.64%（87人）。在复合型肥胖组中，正常高值血压患病率为16.68%（206人），高血压患病率为42.42%（536人）。高血压患病率差异有统计学意义（χ² = 8.05，P < 0.01）。多水平模型结果显示，腹型肥胖组女孩患高血压的风险显著高于非肥胖组（OR = 1.50，95%CI 1.12 - 2.02）。肥胖男孩和女孩患正常高值血压（OR = 2.05，95%CI 1.62 - 2.58；OR = 1.83，95%CI 1.38 - 2.42）和高血压（OR = 2.06，95%CI 1.59 - 2.67；OR = 1.57，95%CI 1.15 - 2.14）的风险均显著高于非肥胖组。复合型肥胖的男孩和女孩患正常高值血压（OR = 3.80，95%CI 3.19 - 4.51；OR = 2.79，95%CI 2.30 - 3.37）和高血压（OR = 4.07，95%CI 3.39 - 4.88；OR = 2.84，95%CI 2.32 - 3.46）的风险均显著高于非肥胖组。
12 - 17岁青少年不同类型肥胖与不同血压水平存在不同程度的相关性，复合型肥胖者血压升高风险最高。
