Ding Lili, Yang Juan, Zhang Chunmei, Zhang Xiuna, Gao Pujun
Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Intensive Care Unit of Emergency Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Apr 27;8:616200. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.616200. eCollection 2021.
Chronic inflammatory pulmonary diseases are characterized by recurrent and persistent inflammation of the airways, commonly associated with poor clinical outcomes. Although their etiologies vary tremendously, airway neutrophilia is a common feature of these diseases. Neutrophils, as vital regulators linking innate and adaptive immune systems, are a double-edged sword in the immune response of the lung involving mechanisms such as phagocytosis, degranulation, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, exosome secretion, release of cytokines and chemokines, and autophagy. Although neutrophils serve as strong defenders against extracellular pathogens, neutrophils and their components can trigger various cascades leading to inflammation and fibrogenesis. Here, we review current studies to elucidate the versatile roles of neutrophils in chronic pulmonary inflammatory diseases and describe the common pathogenesis of these diseases. This may provide new insights into therapeutic strategies for chronic lung diseases.
慢性炎症性肺部疾病的特征是气道反复和持续的炎症，通常与不良的临床结果相关。尽管它们的病因差异极大，但气道嗜中性粒细胞增多是这些疾病的一个共同特征。中性粒细胞作为连接先天性和适应性免疫系统的重要调节因子，在肺部免疫反应中是一把双刃剑，涉及吞噬作用、脱颗粒、中性粒细胞胞外陷阱形成、外泌体分泌、细胞因子和趋化因子释放以及自噬等机制。尽管中性粒细胞是抵御细胞外病原体的强大防御者，但中性粒细胞及其成分可触发各种导致炎症和纤维化的级联反应。在此，我们综述当前的研究以阐明中性粒细胞在慢性肺部炎症性疾病中的多种作用，并描述这些疾病的共同发病机制。这可能为慢性肺部疾病的治疗策略提供新的见解。
