Elshahat Sarah, Moffat Tina
Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, McMaster University, CNH 527, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L9, Canada.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2022 Apr;24(2):489-505. doi: 10.1007/s10903-021-01215-6. Epub 2021 May 13.
Poor mental health (MH) is a substantial public health problem, affecting over 13% of the population worldwide. Arabic-speaking immigrants and refugees (ASIR) are at high risk of MH problems due to intercultural adjustment stress, racism and discrimination. This scoping review of 49 studies explored pre- and post-migration MH determinants among ASIR in North America. Pre-migration MH determinants were politically related. English illiteracy was a significant triggering factor for distress and depression. Post-migration sociocultural MH protective factors included positive ethnic identity, spirituality, family support and social cohesion. Resilience, expressed as hope, significantly protected ASIR against depression and distress. MH triggering factors, emanating from social inequalities, were domestic violence, discrimination, stigmatization and poverty. Mixed-methods studies are needed to inform culturally-congruent, MH-promoting and resilience-building interventions. Intersectoral collaboration and Healthy Public Policy, based on the WHO Health in All Policies framework, are required to address social and health inequities, reducing MH challenges among ASIR.
心理健康状况不佳是一个重大的公共卫生问题，影响着全球超过13%的人口。讲阿拉伯语的移民和难民由于跨文化适应压力、种族主义和歧视，面临心理健康问题的高风险。这项对49项研究的范围综述探讨了北美讲阿拉伯语的移民和难民在移民前后的心理健康决定因素。移民前的心理健康决定因素与政治相关。英语文盲是困扰和抑郁的一个重要触发因素。移民后的社会文化心理健康保护因素包括积极的族群认同、灵性、家庭支持和社会凝聚力。以希望表现出来的复原力显著保护讲阿拉伯语的移民和难民免受抑郁和困扰。源于社会不平等的心理健康触发因素包括家庭暴力、歧视、污名化和贫困。需要采用混合方法研究，为符合文化特点、促进心理健康和增强复原力的干预措施提供信息。基于世界卫生组织“所有政策中的健康”框架，需要开展部门间合作并制定健康公共政策，以解决社会和健康不平等问题，减少讲阿拉伯语的移民和难民面临的心理健康挑战。
