Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, Budapest Balassa utca 6., Budapest, 1083, Hungary.
MTA-SE Neuroepidemiological Research Group ELKH, Budapest Balassa utca 6., Budapest, 1083, Hungary.
Sci Rep. 2021 May 14;11(1):10333. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-89179-3.
Hungary has a single-payer health insurance system covering 10 million inhabitants. All medical reports of the in- and outpatient specialist services were collected in the NEUROHUN database. We used ICD-10 codes of Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), miscellaneous dementia group and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) for the inclusion of the patients. Incidence, prevalence and survival of different dementias and MCI were calculated and analyzed depending on the diagnoses given by neurological or psychiatric services or both. Between 2011 and 2016, the mean crude incidence of all dementias was 242/100,000/year, whereas the age standardized incidence was 287/100,000/year. Crude and age standardized mean prevalence rates were 570/100,000 and 649/100,000, respectively. There were significantly more VaD diagnoses than AD, the VaD:AD ratio was 2.54:1, being the highest in patients with psychiatric diagnoses only (4.85:1) and the lowest in patients with only neurological diagnoses (1.32:1). The median survival after the first diagnosis was 3.01 years regarding all dementia cases. Compared to international estimates, the prevalence of dementia and MCI is considerably lower in Hungary and the VaD:AD ratio is reversed.
匈牙利拥有覆盖 1000 万居民的单一支付者医疗保险系统。所有门诊和住院专科服务的医疗报告都被收集在 NEUROHUN 数据库中。我们使用阿尔茨海默病（AD）、血管性痴呆（VaD）、其他类型痴呆和轻度认知障碍（MCI）的 ICD-10 编码来纳入患者。根据神经病学或精神病学服务或两者的诊断，计算和分析了不同类型痴呆和 MCI 的发病率、患病率和生存率。在 2011 年至 2016 年期间，所有类型痴呆的平均粗发病率为 242/100,000/年，而年龄标准化发病率为 287/100,000/年。粗发病率和年龄标准化的平均患病率分别为 570/100,000 和 649/100,000。VaD 的诊断明显多于 AD，VaD:AD 比为 2.54:1，在仅接受精神病学诊断的患者中最高（4.85:1），在仅接受神经病学诊断的患者中最低（1.32:1）。首次诊断后，所有痴呆病例的中位生存时间为 3.01 年。与国际估计相比，匈牙利的痴呆症和 MCI 的患病率明显较低，且 VaD:AD 比发生逆转。
