Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
Front Med. 2021 Aug;15(4):575-584. doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0816-3. Epub 2021 May 15.
Spinal disease is an important cause of cervical discomfort, low back pain, radiating pain in the limbs, and neurogenic intermittent claudication, and its incidence is increasing annually. From the etiological viewpoint, these symptoms are directly caused by the compression of the spinal cord, nerve roots, and blood vessels and are most effectively treated with surgery. Spinal surgeries are primarily performed using two different techniques: spinal canal decompression and internal fixation. In the past, tactile sensation was the primary method used by surgeons to understand the state of the tissue within the operating area. However, this method has several disadvantages because of its subjectivity. Therefore, it has become the focus of spinal surgery research so as to strengthen the objectivity of tissue state recognition, improve the accuracy of safe area location, and avoid surgical injury to tissues. Aside from traditional imaging methods, surgical sensing techniques based on force, bioelectrical impedance, and other methods have been gradually developed and tested in the clinical setting. This article reviews the progress of different tissue state recognition methods in spinal surgery and summarizes their advantages and disadvantages.
脊柱疾病是引起颈肩不适、腰背疼痛、四肢放射性疼痛和神经源性间歇性跛行的重要原因，其发病率呈逐年上升趋势。从病因学角度来看，这些症状是由脊髓、神经根和血管受压直接引起的，手术是最有效的治疗方法。脊柱手术主要采用两种不同的技术：椎管减压和内固定。过去，触觉是外科医生了解手术区域组织状态的主要方法。然而，这种方法存在主观性，因此，它已成为脊柱手术研究的重点，以加强组织状态识别的客观性，提高安全区域定位的准确性，并避免手术对组织的损伤。除了传统的影像学方法外，基于力、生物阻抗等方法的手术传感技术已逐渐在临床中得到发展和测试。本文综述了不同的组织状态识别方法在脊柱手术中的研究进展，并总结了它们的优缺点。
