College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China.
College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Food Res Int. 2021 May;143:110262. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110262. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Buckwheat was processed by solid-state fermentation (SSF) with the probiotic fungal strain Eurotium cristatum YL-1. The effects of SSF on the phytochemical content, as well as the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, on buckwheat were revealed. Metabolite differences between non-fermented buckwheat (BW) and E. cristatum fermented buckwheat (FBW) were investigated by LC-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics. Results showed that 103 and 68 metabolites remarkably differed between BW and FBW in positive and negative ionization modes, respectively. Most phenolic compounds and alkaloids were significantly up-regulated during SSF. Hydrolytic enzymes (i.e., β-glucosidase, α-amylase, protease, and cellulase) were produced by the filamentous fungus E. cristatum during SSF. In vitro spectrophotometric assays demonstrated that the total phenolics content, ferric reducing antioxidant power, reducing power, scavenging activities of DPPH radical and ABTS, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of buckwheat were considerably enhanced after processing by SSF with E. cristatum. Additionally, solvents with different polarities significantly influenced the antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of buckwheat extracts. Our study indicated that processing by SSF with E. cristatum can greatly improve the phytochemical components of buckwheat and consequently contribute to its antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. SSF with E. cristatum is an innovative method for enhancing the health-promoting components and bioactivities of buckwheat.
苦荞麦经益生菌真菌蛹虫草 YL-1 固态发酵（SSF）处理。揭示了 SSF 对苦荞麦中植物化学物质含量、抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性的影响。通过基于 LC-MS/MS 的非靶向代谢组学研究了未发酵苦荞麦（BW）和蛹虫草发酵苦荞麦（FBW）之间的代谢物差异。结果表明，在正离子和负离子模式下，BW 和 FBW 之间分别有 103 和 68 种代谢物差异显著。大多数酚类化合物和生物碱在 SSF 过程中显著上调。丝状真菌蛹虫草在 SSF 过程中产生了水解酶（即β-葡萄糖苷酶、α-淀粉酶、蛋白酶和纤维素酶）。体外分光光度法测定表明，经蛹虫草 SSF 处理后，苦荞麦的总酚含量、铁还原抗氧化能力、还原能力、DPPH 自由基和 ABTS 清除活性以及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性均显著增强。此外，不同极性的溶剂显著影响苦荞麦提取物的抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。我们的研究表明，用蛹虫草进行 SSF 处理可以极大地提高苦荞麦的植物化学成分，从而有助于提高其抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。用蛹虫草进行 SSF 是增强苦荞麦保健成分和生物活性的一种创新方法。
