College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Food Res Int. 2021 May;143:110271. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110271. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is one of the most widely cultivated crops in Asia and Africa. The identification of the geographical origins of sesame seeds is important for the detection of fraudulent samples. This study was conducted to build a prediction model and suggest potential biomarkers for distinguishing the geographical origins of sesame seeds using mycobiome (fungal microbiome) analysis coupled with multivariate statistical analysis. Sesame seeds were collected from 25 cities in Korea, six cities in China, and five sites in other countries (Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, and Pakistan). According to the expression of fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences in sesame seeds, 21 fungal genera were identified in sesame seeds from various countries. The optimal partial least squares-discriminant analysis model was established by applying two components with unit variance scaling. Based on seven-fold cross validation, the predictive model had 94.4% (Korea vs. China/other countries), 91.7% (China vs. Korea/other countries), and 88.9% (other countries vs. Korea/China) accuracy in determining the geographical origins of sesame seeds. Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Macrophomina were suggested as the potential fungal genera to differentiate the geographical origins of sesame seeds. This study demonstrated that mycobiome analysis could be used as a complementary method for distinguishing the geographical origins of raw sesame seeds.
芝麻（Sesamum indicum）是亚洲和非洲种植最广泛的作物之一。鉴定芝麻种子的地理起源对于检测欺诈性样品非常重要。本研究旨在建立一个预测模型，并提出潜在的生物标志物，用于通过真菌组（真菌微生物组）分析结合多元统计分析来区分芝麻种子的地理起源。芝麻种子从韩国的 25 个城市、中国的 6 个城市和其他国家（埃塞俄比亚、印度、尼日利亚和巴基斯坦）的 5 个地点采集。根据芝麻种子中真菌内部转录间隔区（ITS）序列的表达，在来自不同国家的芝麻种子中鉴定出 21 个真菌属。通过应用具有单位方差缩放的两个成分建立了最优偏最小二乘判别分析模型。基于七重交叉验证，预测模型在确定芝麻种子的地理起源方面具有 94.4%（韩国与中国/其他国家）、91.7%（中国与韩国/其他国家）和 88.9%（其他国家与韩国/中国）的准确性。建议Alternaria、Aspergillus 和 Macrophomina 作为区分芝麻种子地理起源的潜在真菌属。本研究表明，真菌组分析可以用作区分生芝麻种子地理起源的补充方法。
