Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
Ultrasound Med Biol. 2021 Aug;47(8):2064-2079. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.04.003. Epub 2021 May 13.
In recent years, because of their unique properties, the use of perfluorocarbon nanodroplets (PFC NDs) in ultrasound-mediated tumor theranostics has attracted increasing interest. PFC is one of the most stable organic compounds with high hydrophobicity. Phase-shift PFC NDs can be transformed into highly echogenic microbubbles for ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging by ultrasound and laser light. In addition, in the process of acoustic droplet vaporization, PFC NDs with cavitation nuclei can be combined with a variety of ultrasound technologies to produce cavitation effects for tumor ablation, antivascular therapy and release of therapeutic agents loaded in nanodroplets. Moreover, they can also be used to overcome tumor hypoxia by virtue of high oxygen solubility. In this review, first the preparation and stabilization of PFC NDs are summarized and then the issues and outlook are discussed. More importantly, multifunctional platforms based on PFC NDs for cancer diagnostics, therapy and theranostics are reviewed in detail.
近年来，由于其独特的性质，全氟碳纳米液滴（PFC ND）在超声介导的肿瘤治疗学中的应用引起了越来越多的关注。PFC 是最稳定的有机化合物之一，具有很高的疏水性。相移 PFC ND 可通过超声和激光光转化为高回声微泡，用于超声和光声成像。此外，在声致空化蒸发过程中，具有空化核的 PFC ND 可以与多种超声技术结合，产生空化效应，用于肿瘤消融、抗血管治疗和释放纳米液滴中装载的治疗剂。此外，它们还可以通过高氧气溶解度来克服肿瘤缺氧。在这篇综述中，首先总结了 PFC ND 的制备和稳定化，然后讨论了存在的问题和展望。更重要的是，详细综述了基于 PFC ND 的癌症诊断、治疗和治疗学的多功能平台。
