Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 2079, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Basic Sciences, College of Education, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2375, Dammam, 14513, Saudi Arabia; Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia.
Environ Res. 2021 Aug;199:111270. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111270. Epub 2021 May 13.
Aluminum is a neurotoxic element that can accumulate in the brain and cause neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the antioxidants found in pomegranate juice (PJ) are much more than those existing in other fruits. It was proven to provide protection against neurodegenerative diseases.
This experiment aimed to clarify the amelioration efficiency of PJ against aluminum chloride-induced neurobehavioral and biochemical disorders in female mice.
The female mice were given oral administrations for 35 days as follows. The control group received tap water, the PJ groups received 20% and 40% pomegranate juice, the aluminum chloride (AlCl) group was treated with 400 mg/kg AlCl, and the last two groups received AlCl + 20% PJ and AlCl + 40% PJ, respectively. The neurobehavioral features were assessed by shuttle box, T-maze, and Morris water maze devices. Furthermore, the neurotransmitters and oxidative indicators in the brains of the female mice were determined at the end of experiment.
Significant effects of AlCl were observed on female mice in the body weight, during the behavioral tasks (shuttle box, T-maze, and Morris water maze), and in neurotransmitters and oxidative stress parameters. Pomegranate juice, especially at low concentrations, induced remarkable improvements in body weight, spatial memory and learning during T-maze, Morris water maze and shuttle box tasks, as well as in neurotransmitters and oxidative biomarkers in the AlCl-treated female mice.
PJ reversed AlCl-induced neurotoxicity and improved learning and memory in female mice. However, PJ contains a group of antioxidants that may be considered double-edged swords in the cellular redox status especially at high doses.
铝是一种神经毒性元素，可在大脑中积累并导致神经退行性疾病。此外，石榴汁（PJ）中发现的抗氧化剂比其他水果中的抗氧化剂多得多。已证明它能提供对神经退行性疾病的保护。
本实验旨在阐明 PJ 对氯化铝诱导的雌性小鼠神经行为和生化紊乱的改善效果。
雌性小鼠连续 35 天经口给药，对照组给予自来水，PJ 组给予 20%和 40%的石榴汁，AlCl 组给予 400mg/kg AlCl，后两组分别给予 AlCl+20%PJ 和 AlCl+40%PJ。通过穿梭箱、T 迷宫和 Morris 水迷宫装置评估神经行为特征。此外，在实验结束时测定雌性小鼠大脑中的神经递质和氧化指标。
AlCl 对雌性小鼠的体重、行为任务（穿梭箱、T 迷宫和 Morris 水迷宫）以及神经递质和氧化应激参数均有显著影响。石榴汁，特别是低浓度时，可显著改善 AlCl 处理的雌性小鼠的体重、T 迷宫、Morris 水迷宫和穿梭箱任务中的空间记忆和学习能力，以及神经递质和氧化生物标志物。
PJ 逆转了 AlCl 诱导的神经毒性，并改善了雌性小鼠的学习和记忆能力。然而，PJ 含有一组抗氧化剂，尤其是在高剂量下，可能会对细胞氧化还原状态产生双刃剑的影响。
