Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Jazan University, P.O. Box 2079, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Basic Sciences, College of Education, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 2375, Dammam, 14513, Saudi Arabia; Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2021 Jan;63:126655. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126655. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
Aluminum (Al) is a harmful metal to organisms and is capable of entering the human body in multiple ways, such as through drinking, breathing, deodorant use, and vaccination. This study examined the prospective toxicity of Al and the protective attributes of pomegranate juice (PJ) on neurobehavioral and biochemical parameters of male mice.
Six groups of male mice were treated for 35 days with 20 % PJ (group II), 40 % PJ (group III), 400 mg/kg Al (group IV), Al + 20 % PJ (group V), Al + 40 % PJ (group VI) or tap water (control, group I). Behavioral assessments were conducted for learning and memory evaluations at the end of experiment. In addition, the forebrain was isolated for biochemical analysis.
The exposure of male mice to Al decreased learning and memory retention in the shuttle box, Morris water-maze and T-Maze tests. Biochemical analysis revealed significant depletions in neurotransmitters including DA, 5-HT and AChE and oxidative proteins including GSH, GST, CAT and SOD and increased TBARES levels in Al-treated mice compared to untreated mice. Pomegranate juice provided protection against these effects after Al exposure by ameliorating learning and memory retention and oxidative state in a dose-independent manner.
Our data demonstrated that Al exposure caused behavioral and biochemical disorders. Pomegranate juice in lower dose has beneficial properties for health and can be used as a source of antioxidants to reduce the toxicity of Al and other substances.
铝（Al）是一种对生物体有害的金属，能够通过多种途径进入人体，如饮水、呼吸、使用除臭剂和接种疫苗。本研究考察了铝的潜在毒性以及石榴汁（PJ）对雄性小鼠神经行为和生化参数的保护作用。
六组雄性小鼠连续 35 天接受 20%PJ（第 II 组）、40%PJ（第 III 组）、400mg/kgAl（第 IV 组）、Al+20%PJ（第 V 组）、Al+40%PJ（第 VI 组）或自来水（对照组，第 I 组）处理。实验结束时进行行为评估，以评估学习和记忆能力。此外，还分离了前脑进行生化分析。
雄性小鼠暴露于铝中会降低穿梭箱、莫里斯水迷宫和 T 迷宫测试中的学习和记忆保留能力。生化分析显示，与未处理的小鼠相比，暴露于铝中的小鼠的神经递质包括多巴胺（DA）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）以及氧化蛋白包括谷胱甘肽（GSH）、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）明显减少，并且 TBARES 水平升高。与单独暴露于铝相比，石榴汁在降低学习和记忆保留以及改善氧化状态方面提供了保护作用，且呈剂量无关方式。
我们的数据表明，铝暴露会导致行为和生化紊乱。低剂量的石榴汁对健康具有有益特性，可用作抗氧化剂的来源，以减轻铝和其他物质的毒性。
