Savaid Medical College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.
World Neurosurg. 2021 Oct;154:e7-e18. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.05.012. Epub 2021 May 14.
Although previous studies have made significant contributions to establishing animal traumatic brain injury (TBI) models for simulation of human TBI, the accuracy, controllability, and modeling efficiency of animal TBI models need to be further improved. This study established a novel high-efficiency graded mouse TBI model induced by shock wave.
A total of 125 mice were randomly divided into sham, 0.7 mm, 0.6 mm, and 0.5 mm groups according to the depth of the cross groove of the aluminum sheets. The stability and repeatability of apparatus were evaluated, and the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, cerebral edema, neuropathologic immunohistochemistry, apoptosis-related protein, and behavioral tests of neurologic function were used to validate this new model.
The results showed that 4 mice were injured simultaneously in 1 experiment. They received the same intensity of shock waves. Moreover, the mortality rates caused by 3 different aluminum sheets were consistent with the mortality rates of mild TBI, moderate TBI, and severe TBI. Compared with the sham group, mice in different injured groups significantly increased brain water content, blood-brain barrier permeability, and neuronal apoptosis. And the mice in all injured groups showed poor motor ability, balancing, spatial learning, and memory abilities.
The novel TBI apparatus has advantages in its small size, simple operation, high repeatability, high efficiency, and graded severity. Our TBI apparatus provides a novel tool to investigate the neuropathologic changes and underlying mechanisms of TBI with various levels of severities.
尽管先前的研究在建立模拟人类创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的动物 TBI 模型方面做出了重大贡献，但动物 TBI 模型的准确性、可控性和建模效率仍需进一步提高。本研究建立了一种新型高效的冲击波诱导小鼠 TBI 分级模型。
共 125 只小鼠随机分为假手术组、0.7mm 组、0.6mm 组和 0.5mm 组，根据铝板的横槽深度分组。评估仪器的稳定性和可重复性，并用血脑屏障完整性、脑水肿、神经病理免疫组织化学、凋亡相关蛋白和神经功能行为测试来验证这个新模型。
结果显示，在 1 次实验中可以同时对 4 只小鼠进行损伤，它们接受相同强度的冲击波，而且 3 种不同铝板造成的死亡率与轻度 TBI、中度 TBI 和重度 TBI 的死亡率一致。与假手术组相比，不同损伤组的小鼠脑水含量、血脑屏障通透性和神经元凋亡明显增加，所有损伤组的小鼠运动能力、平衡能力、空间学习和记忆能力均较差。
新型 TBI 仪器具有体积小、操作简单、重复性高、效率高、分级严重的优点。我们的 TBI 仪器为研究不同严重程度的 TBI 的神经病理学变化和潜在机制提供了一种新工具。
