The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2021 Jul;98:102219. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2021.102219. Epub 2021 May 7.
With an incidence that is constantly rising, oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is becoming an increasing health burden worldwide. Although significant advances in treatment regimens have improved patient outcomes, survival rates for this deadly cancer remain unsatisfactory. This highlights the need to improve current therapeutic approaches and develop novel therapeutic strategies for treating OAC patients. The advent of immunotherapy has revolutionised treatment across a range of malignancies, however outcomes in OAC show modest results. The inherent resistance of OAC to treatment reflects the complex genomic landscape of this cancer, which displays a lack of ubiquitous driver mutations and large-scale genomic alterations along with high tumour and immune heterogeneity. Research into the immune landscape of OAC is limited, and elucidation of the mechanisms surrounding the immune responses to this complex cancer will result in improved therapeutic approaches. This review explores what is known about the immuno-biology of OAC and explores promising therapeutic avenues that may improve responses to immunotherapeutic regimens.
食管腺癌（OAC）的发病率不断上升，正在成为全球日益严重的健康负担。尽管治疗方案的显著进展改善了患者的预后，但这种致命癌症的生存率仍不尽如人意。这凸显了需要改进当前的治疗方法并为 OAC 患者开发新的治疗策略的必要性。免疫疗法的出现已经彻底改变了一系列恶性肿瘤的治疗方法，然而 OAC 的治疗结果却并不理想。OAC 对治疗的固有耐药性反映了这种癌症复杂的基因组景观，其缺乏普遍存在的驱动突变和大规模的基因组改变，同时具有高肿瘤和免疫异质性。对 OAC 免疫景观的研究有限，阐明围绕这种复杂癌症的免疫反应的机制将导致改善治疗方法。这篇综述探讨了 OAC 的免疫生物学的已知内容，并探讨了可能改善对免疫治疗方案反应的有前途的治疗途径。
