J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Aug;121(8):1441-1453. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.04.012. Epub 2021 Apr 17.
School nutrition programs mitigate child food insecurity across the United States. With the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, kindergarten through grade 12 physical school campuses closed, which led to those programs transitioning to emergency feeding. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction has 4 action priorities that guided the assessment of school nutrition employees' emergency response during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Our aim was to explore the experience of school nutrition employees as they provided emergency feeding services during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate their actions based on the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction .
A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews (n = 34) was conducted via videoconferencing software. A purposive sample of school nutrition employees across all 7 US Department of Agriculture regions who were involved in the COVID-19 emergency feeding response participated during April and May 2020.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: School nutrition employees were selected randomly for participation from those indicating willingness to be interviewed during their participation in a related survey. Recruitment continued until all 7 US Department of Agriculture regions were represented. Participants held various roles, ranging from state agency leaders to front-line supervisors, although most were district-level directors or assistant directors.
Data were analyzed using a phenomenological qualitative analytic approach.
Four themes emerged. First, participants described the progression of the initial shock associated with the pandemic and service disruption, the flexibility they practiced, and the development of new routines. Second, keeping people (children, coworkers, and the community) safe was highlighted. The next theme captured participants' feeling that they came "out of the shadows" as communities and stakeholders recognized their important contribution to children's food security. Finally, they shared insight on communication and accountability during the emergency feeding response.
These programs demonstrated flexibility, resilience, and commitment to children during this crisis. As the pandemic continues and future disasters are considered, school nutrition programs and leaders can use the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction's "build back better" concept to refine disaster preparedness plans and advocate for changes that will continue to combat child food insecurity in the United States.
学校营养计划缓解了美国各地儿童的粮食不安全问题。随着 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行的爆发，幼儿园到 12 年级的实体校园关闭，导致这些计划过渡到紧急喂养。《仙台减轻灾害风险框架》有 4 项优先行动，为评估学校营养员工在 COVID-19 大流行期间的应急反应提供了指导。
我们的目的是探讨学校营养员工在 COVID-19 大流行期间提供紧急喂养服务的经验，并根据《仙台减轻灾害风险框架》评估他们的行动。
这是一项通过视频会议软件进行的半结构化访谈的定性研究（n=34）。2020 年 4 月和 5 月，从参与 COVID-19 紧急喂养反应的所有 7 个美国农业部地区的学校营养员工中抽取了一个随机样本进行参与。
参与者/背景：从那些在参与相关调查时表示愿意接受采访的人中随机选择学校营养员工参加。招聘一直持续到 7 个美国农业部地区都有代表为止。参与者担任各种职务，从州机构领导到一线主管，但大多数是地区级主任或副主任。
使用现象学定性分析方法对数据进行分析。
出现了四个主题。首先，参与者描述了与大流行和服务中断相关的最初冲击的进展、他们所表现出的灵活性以及新常规的发展。其次，强调了保障人员（儿童、同事和社区）安全。下一个主题捕捉到参与者的感觉，即他们作为社区和利益相关者认识到他们对儿童食品安全的重要贡献而“走出阴影”。最后，他们分享了在紧急喂养反应期间关于沟通和问责制的见解。
这些计划在这场危机中表现出了灵活性、弹性和对儿童的承诺。随着大流行的持续和未来灾害的考虑，学校营养计划和领导者可以利用《仙台减轻灾害风险框架》的“更好地重建”概念来完善灾害准备计划，并倡导进行将继续在美国打击儿童粮食不安全的变革。
