School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology and Oral Surgery, Periodontology Division, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte, Department of Dentistry, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2021 Aug;49(8):694-704. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2021.01.002. Epub 2021 Jan 11.
This randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the preemptive effects of acetaminophen, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, nimesulide or dexamethasone on postoperative pain and edema in the surgical removal of impacted third molars. Participants underwent bilateral surgeries at 2 different times and were randomly given the test drug or placebo (split-mouth). Postoperative pain, edema and rescue medication were evaluated at different times. Study power was >80% for the observed effect size in the crossover repeated measures design. Differences between test drug and placebo were the response variable. Generalized Estimation Equation models were adjusted for each outcome. Sample comprised 5 groups (n = 20 each). Ibuprofen and nimesulide showed higher overall effects on pain scores over time, with no differences between them (p = 0.557). Acetaminophen showed significantly lower overall effects in edema control over time, when compared to other test drugs, that showed similar effects. Lower quantity of rescue medication were also observed for ibuprofen and nimesulide, with no differences between them (p = 0.999). Ibuprofen and nimesulide showed beneficial overall preemptive effects. Hence, in the decision-making process for preemptive analgesia in impacted third molar surgeries, ibuprofen and nimesulide should be considered on a case-by-case basis as the drugs of choice.
本随机对照临床试验旨在评估对乙酰氨基酚、布洛芬、酮洛芬、尼美舒利或地塞米松对第三磨牙阻生术中术后疼痛和肿胀的预防作用。参与者在两次不同时间接受双侧手术,并随机给予试验药物或安慰剂(分口)。在不同时间评估术后疼痛、肿胀和急救药物。在交叉重复测量设计中,观察到的效应大小的研究能力>80%。试验药物与安慰剂之间的差异是因变量。对每个结果都进行了广义估计方程模型调整。样本包括 5 组(每组 20 例)。布洛芬和尼美舒利在疼痛评分方面显示出随着时间的推移更高的总体效果,两者之间没有差异(p=0.557)。与其他试验药物相比,对乙酰氨基酚在控制肿胀方面的总体效果明显较低,而其他试验药物的效果相似。布洛芬和尼美舒利的急救药物用量也较低,两者之间没有差异(p=0.999)。布洛芬和尼美舒利显示出有益的总体预防作用。因此,在第三磨牙阻生术的预防性镇痛决策过程中,应根据具体情况考虑布洛芬和尼美舒利作为首选药物。