Catalá Patricia, Blanco Sheila, Perez-Calvo Soledad, Luque-Reca Octavio, Bedmar Dolores, Peñacoba Cecilia
Department of Psychology, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain.
Pain Unit, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2021 Apr 29;12:658974. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.658974. eCollection 2021.
The present study aims to explore whether the symptoms associated with fibromyalgia are contextually influenced by the area of residence (rural/urban). Furthermore, it is analyzed whether the effect of the acceptance of the disease on the emotional, cognitive and physical symptoms is moderated by the patients' place of residence. Using a cross-sectional design, a total of 234 women with fibromyalgia (mean age = 56.91 years; SD = 8.94) were surveyed, of which 55.13% resided in rural areas and 44.87% in urban areas. Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess pain severity, anxiety and depression, functional limitation, physical and mental fatigue and acceptance of the disease. The results show significant differences in acceptance ( = 0.040), pain ( < 0.001), and physical and mental fatigue ( = 0.003 and = 0.004, respectively) between patients from rural and urban areas. The rural area patients presented higher levels of acceptance and pain and lesser levels of physical and mental fatigue compared to the urban area. The moderation analysis add that, only in patients from the rural area, the variables of physical symptoms (pain, functional limitation, and physical fatigue) were significantly and negatively associated with acceptance. This study addresses for the first time the role of the place of residence in suffering from fibromyalgia, suggesting that the rural or urban environment plays a relevant role in the severity and/or management of symptoms in fibromyalgia women. Limitations and practical implications are also discussed.
本研究旨在探讨与纤维肌痛相关的症状是否受到居住地区（农村/城市）的背景影响。此外，还分析了疾病接受度对情绪、认知和身体症状的影响是否会因患者的居住地而有所不同。采用横断面设计，对总共234名纤维肌痛女性患者（平均年龄 = 56.91岁；标准差 = 8.94）进行了调查，其中55.13%居住在农村地区，44.87%居住在城市地区。使用自我报告问卷来评估疼痛严重程度、焦虑和抑郁、功能受限、身体和精神疲劳以及对疾病的接受度。结果显示，农村和城市地区的患者在疾病接受度（P = 0.040）、疼痛（P < 0.001）以及身体和精神疲劳（分别为P = 0.003和P = 0.004）方面存在显著差异。与城市地区患者相比，农村地区患者的疾病接受度和疼痛水平更高，而身体和精神疲劳水平更低。调节分析还表明，仅在农村地区的患者中，身体症状（疼痛、功能受限和身体疲劳）变量与疾病接受度显著负相关。本研究首次探讨了居住地在纤维肌痛患病中的作用，表明农村或城市环境在纤维肌痛女性患者症状的严重程度和/或管理方面发挥着重要作用。同时也讨论了研究的局限性和实际意义。
