Simultaneous profiling of and MO6-24/O transcriptomes by dual RNA-seq analysis.

We previously demonstrated that a marine bacterial pathogen isolated from sea foods modulated gene expression levels and defense responses of a land plant . Although the interaction between and was verified under artificial and greenhouse conditions, the simultaneous changes in host and pathogen transcriptomes remained obscure. In this study, we simultaneously analyzed the transcriptome of MO6-24/O and by dual RNA-sequencing analysis. Disease symptoms appeared at 5 and 7 days post-inoculation and post-infiltration , respectively. A total of 31, 128, 303, 219, and 130 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in MO6-24/O at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h post-infiltration. Out of these, 14 genes involved in the virulence and pathogenicity of MO6 were characterized. These genes were clustered into six categories, including adherence, antiphagocytosis, chemotaxis and motility, iron uptake, toxin and secretion system. In plant side, the bacterium DEGs potentially played a pivotal role in activating pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)-mediated defense responses. genes related to PRRs, reactive oxygen species burst, mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade induction, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, abscisic acid, auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin were highly induced by MO6-24/O challenge. Taken together, our results indicate that the sophisticated communication between a marine bacterial pathogen and occurs. It is the first report demonstration that actively modulates its virulence factors and potential host immune regulator in a land plant species.