Liaoning Key Laboratory of Urban Integrated Pest Management and Ecological Security, College of Life Science and Engineering Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China.
Biotechnology and Bioscience College, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang 110866, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Nov 21;19(11):3680. doi: 10.3390/ijms19113680.
Receptor-like cytoplasmic protein kinases (RLCKs) are involved in various activities in plant growth and development. We have totally identified 162, 160, and 402 genes in maize, rice, and Arabidopsis genomes, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses divided 724 genes into 15 subfamilies and similar structural patterns of kinase activity sites and functional sites were observed within the subfamilies. Furthermore, the structural patterns of intron/exon in the same subfamilies were similar, implicating their close evolutionary relationship. Chromosome distribution indicated that segmental duplication of genes might be a major mechanism contributing to the expansion of the RLCK superfamilies in maize, rice, and Arabidopsis, respectively. The analysis of the synteny relationship and gene structure indicated that the evolution of most RLCKs in maize were prior to rice and Arabidopsis. Most of the ratio of / is inferior to one, suggesting that genes have experienced the negative selection in maize, rice and Arabidopsis. Duplication time revealed that the maize was the earliest emergence among these three species. The expression profiles showed that there are some specifically expressed genes in maize root, leaf, ear, and tassel. These specific expression genes may participate in the developmental regulation of these maize tissues. Our results will be useful in providing new insights into evolution of RLCKs and revealing the regulatory network of maize, rice, and Arabidopsis development.
受体样细胞质蛋白激酶（RLCKs）参与植物生长和发育的各种活动。我们分别在玉米、水稻和拟南芥基因组中总共鉴定出 162、160 和 402 个基因。系统发育分析将 724 个基因分为 15 个亚家族，并且在亚家族内观察到激酶活性位点和功能位点的相似结构模式。此外，相同亚家族中内含子/外显子的结构模式相似，表明它们具有密切的进化关系。染色体分布表明，基因的片段重复可能是导致玉米、水稻和拟南芥中 RLCK 超家族扩张的主要机制。对同线性关系和基因结构的分析表明，玉米中大多数 RLCKs 的进化先于水稻和拟南芥。大多数的 / 比值小于一，表明基因在玉米、水稻和拟南芥中经历了负选择。复制时间表明，玉米是这三个物种中最早出现的。表达谱显示，玉米根、叶、穗和雄穗中有一些特定表达的基因。这些特定表达的基因可能参与这些玉米组织的发育调控。我们的研究结果将有助于深入了解 RLCKs 的进化，并揭示玉米、水稻和拟南芥发育的调控网络。
