Zhong Mi-Cai, Jiang Xiao-Dong, Cui Wei-Hua, Hu Jin-Yong
CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Plant Divers. 2020 Nov 10;43(2):173-179. doi: 10.1016/j.pld.2020.11.002. eCollection 2021 Apr.
Roses are important horticultural plants with enormous diversity in flowers and flowering behavior. However, molecular regulation of flowering time variation in roses remains poorly characterized. Here, we report an expansion of the genes that correlates well with the switch to prostrate-to-erect growth of shoots upon flowering in 'Basye's Thornless' (BT). With the availability of the high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly for BT that we developed recently, we identified 91 genes, a significant expansion in contrast to 52 in 'Old Blush' (OB), a founder genotype in modern rose domestication. Rose FAR1/FRS-like proteins feature distinct variation in protein domain structures. The dispersed expansion of genes occurred specifically in clade I and II and is significantly associated with transposon insertion in BT. Most of the genes showed relatively higher expression level than their corresponding orthologs in OB. genes regulate light-signaling processes, shade avoidance, and flowering time in . Therefore, the expansion and duplication of genes, followed by diversification in gene expression, might offer a novel leverage point for further understanding the molecular regulation of the variation in shoot-growth behavior and flowering time in roses.
玫瑰是重要的园艺植物，在花朵和开花行为方面具有巨大的多样性。然而，玫瑰开花时间变异的分子调控仍不清楚。在这里，我们报道了一个基因家族的扩张，该家族与 “巴齐无刺”（BT）开花时枝条从匍匐生长转变为直立生长密切相关。随着我们最近开发的高质量染色体水平的BT基因组组装的完成，我们鉴定出91个该家族基因，与现代玫瑰驯化中的原始基因型 “老粉团”（OB）中的52个相比有显著扩张。玫瑰FAR1/FRS样蛋白在蛋白质结构域结构上具有明显差异。该基因家族的分散扩张专门发生在进化枝I和II中，并且与BT中的转座子插入显著相关。大多数该家族基因的表达水平相对高于其在OB中的相应直系同源基因。该家族基因在植物中调节光信号传导过程、避荫和开花时间。因此，该家族基因的扩张和复制，随后基因表达的多样化，可能为进一步理解玫瑰枝条生长行为和开花时间变异的分子调控提供一个新的切入点。
