Echeverría King Luisa Fernanda, González Diana Alejandra, Andrade-Sastoque Ernesto
Department of Research and Diagnostic Methods in Education, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
International Cooperation and Visibility, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Colombia.
Front Res Metr Anal. 2021 Apr 30;6:636538. doi: 10.3389/frma.2021.636538. eCollection 2021.
Little has been investigated about Science Diplomacy (SD) in emerging economies, more specifically on governance schemes useful for organizing intersecting actors, practices, conceptions and suggestions of the future in foreign affairs and Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) in public administration sectors. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the "texture and nature" of SD initiatives in emerging economies through the eyes of relevant actors involved or reflecting about them in Colombia. The aim of this paper is to propose a general governance scheme for SD in emerging economies and its potential instrumentation for a policy-mix. In Colombia, SD initiatives are very fragmented, and are not part of the priorities of the Colombian state, however the increasing interest of an embryonic practitioner and scholar community working in the topic make necessary this work. A phenomenological perspective combined with a single case study research methodology is used to gain a very accurate description of the state of the situation of SD in Colombia. Policy document review and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 relevant actors to understand the conceptions, practices, and suggestions for the future of SD in Colombia. The study results show that SD actors in Colombia are scattered, practices strongly related to traditional cooperation diplomatic activities and the need to give a function to SD for capacity building, better global intermediation and the development of new knowledge, in particular promoting SD abilities in the scientific community. In addition, data expresses the need to cultivate a multi-stakeholder working group for such a purpose. The study reflects on the need of a policy mix for SD in emerging economies. It proposes a general governance scheme for it, a potential instrumentation founded on research participant future suggestions, and a set of practical recommendations and policy implications. Conclusions and further research questions are set, pointing out the importance of including non-conventional diplomacy actors and knowledge, and the need to inquire rationales behind possible SD policy mixes in the southern world.
关于新兴经济体中的科学外交（SD），人们研究得很少，更具体地说，是关于有助于组织公共行政部门外交事务以及科学、技术和创新（STI）领域中相互交叉的行为体、实践、观念和未来建议的治理方案。本文通过哥伦比亚相关行为体的视角，有助于更好地理解新兴经济体中科学外交倡议的“结构和本质”。本文旨在为新兴经济体中的科学外交提出一个总体治理方案及其政策组合的潜在工具。在哥伦比亚，科学外交倡议非常分散，并非哥伦比亚国家优先事项的一部分，然而，一个致力于该主题的新兴从业者和学者群体的兴趣日益浓厚，使得这项工作变得必要。采用现象学视角与单案例研究方法相结合的方式，以非常准确地描述哥伦比亚科学外交的现状。对18个相关行为体进行了政策文件审查和半结构化访谈，以了解哥伦比亚科学外交的观念、实践和未来建议。研究结果表明，哥伦比亚的科学外交行为体分散，实践与传统合作外交活动密切相关，并且需要赋予科学外交在能力建设、更好的全球调解和新知识发展方面的功能，特别是提高科学界的科学外交能力。此外，数据表明需要为此目的建立一个多方利益相关者工作组。该研究思考了新兴经济体中科学外交政策组合的必要性。它为科学外交提出了一个总体治理方案、一个基于研究参与者未来建议的潜在工具，以及一系列实际建议和政策影响。设定了结论和进一步的研究问题，指出了纳入非传统外交行为体和知识的重要性，以及探究南方世界可能的科学外交政策组合背后的基本原理的必要性。
