Mills Kayla M, Shirley Larissa K, Sharp Katharine, Garcia Ricardo, Suarez-Trujillo Aridany, Stewart Kara R
Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, 270 S Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Transl Anim Sci. 2021 May 10;5(2):txab032. doi: 10.1093/tas/txab032. eCollection 2021 Apr.
Historically, sows have been induced to farrow using prostaglandin followed by an injection of oxytocin 24 h later. Benefits of induction can include decreased rate of stillbirths, dystocia, and postnatal mortality along with increasing the likelihood of farrowings being attended. Several studies have indicated that oxytocin administration may negatively impact fetal oxygen supply during parturition, potentially from umbilical cords breaking prior to birth, resulting in increased preweaning mortality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine if various induction protocols impact umbilical cord breakage and fetal blood parameters at birth. Fifty-eight primiparous and multiparous sows were assigned to one of three treatments: no induction (NO; = 24) or 2 cc prostaglandin administered on day 114 of gestation followed by either 1 cc of oxytocin 24 h later (OXY24; = 13) or 0.5 cc of oxytocin at 6 and 12 h after prostaglandin (OXY6; = 21). Details of the farrowing process were recorded, and umbilical cord blood was collected from piglets at birth and evaluated on an iSTAT machine using an Abbott EC8+ test cartridge. There were no differences in total born, number born alive, stillborns, mummies, or assistance needed during farrowing. Induced sows were more likely to farrow by day 115 compared to naturally farrowing sows ( = 0.02). Sows in the OXY24 treatment tended to have longer farrowings when compared to both NO and OXY6 (4.8 vs. 3.6 vs. 3.9 h; = 0.09). Colostrum from OXY6 sows tended to have a greater amount of lactose present than NO and OXY24 ( = 0.05). Colostrum from sows with longer gestation lengths had a higher percentage of fat ( = 0.03). Piglets born from NO sows had higher base excess, total carbon dioxide, and glucose, which suggests that these piglets had prolonged moments of asphyxiation ( < 0.01). OXY24 piglets had the lowest blood pH which is indicative of hypoxic birthing conditions ( < 0.01). Preweaning mortality was driven largely by a low birth weight coupled with low colostrum intake ( = 0.03). All piglets, regardless of treatment, displayed signs of stress during farrowing. Induction did not influence preweaning mortality but has the potential to decrease the incidence by increasing attended farrowings.
从历史上看，母猪一直通过使用前列腺素诱导分娩，然后在24小时后注射催产素。诱导分娩的好处包括降低死产率、难产率和产后死亡率，同时增加分娩时有照料的可能性。几项研究表明，分娩期间使用催产素可能会对胎儿氧气供应产生负面影响，这可能是由于脐带在出生前断裂，导致断奶前死亡率增加。因此，本研究的目的是确定不同的诱导方案是否会影响出生时的脐带断裂和胎儿血液参数。58头初产和经产母猪被分配到三种处理之一：不诱导（NO；n = 24），或在妊娠第114天注射2毫升前列腺素，然后在24小时后注射1毫升催产素（OXY24；n = 13），或在注射前列腺素后6小时和12小时分别注射0.5毫升催产素（OXY6；n = 21）。记录分娩过程的详细情况，并在出生时从仔猪采集脐带血，使用雅培EC8 +测试盒在iSTAT机器上进行评估。总产仔数、活产仔数、死产仔数、木乃伊胎数或分娩时所需的协助方面没有差异。与自然分娩的母猪相比，诱导分娩的母猪在第115天分娩的可能性更大（P = 0.02）。与NO和OXY6相比，OXY24处理的母猪分娩时间往往更长（4.8小时对3.6小时对3.9小时；P = 0.09）。OXY6母猪的初乳中乳糖含量往往比NO和OXY24母猪的更高（P = 0.05）。妊娠期较长的母猪的初乳脂肪含量百分比更高（P = 0.03）。NO母猪所生仔猪的碱剩余、总二氧化碳和葡萄糖含量更高，这表明这些仔猪有更长时间的窒息（P < 0.01）。OXY24仔猪的血液pH值最低，这表明分娩时存在缺氧情况（P < 0.01）。断奶前死亡率主要由低出生体重和初乳摄入量低导致（P = 0.03）。所有仔猪，无论处理方式如何，在分娩期间都表现出应激迹象。诱导分娩并没有影响断奶前死亡率，但有可能通过增加有照料的分娩次数来降低发病率。
